Kind: captions
Language: en
most plane doors aren't locked there are
no keys No sensors or passcodes to
secure them if someone wants to pull the
lever they can a man opened the
emergency exit door and forced his way
off the plane and yet with 40 million
flights each year these doors are
virtually never opened in flight so why
not your self-preservation surely Common
Sense most people are you know smart
enough to not mess with
that the real answer relies on where
planes fly how high do planes fly
approximately 10,000 km or is that
overshooting it I think that's
overshooting it I think you'd be in
space 25,000 km that's the height of a
plane flying is that way too low it's
too much it's it's too much too much too
much bring it in maybe 1,000 km 1,000 km
still space 50,000 fet I think some of
them can go up to 43,000 Ft 30,000 ft
38,000 ft yeah yeah why do they fly that
high uh I don't know safety I guess
probably to avoid um collision with
other aircrafts and if there's high
mountain ranges I don't know when the
When Storms or or or weather hit my
guess is to avoid a turbulent weather I
think that's a decent guess now it's
true that one of the benefits of flying
at 30,000 ft is a smoother ride this is
high in the troposphere the layer in
which most weather occurs so there's
less turbulence and fewer storms to
navigate around but this is not the main
reason that planes fly so high the
bigger reason of course is money as you
go up the density of air decreases and
at 33,000 ft or 10 km the density of air
is just a third of what it is at sea
level so flying at this altitude the
plane runs into a third of the air
molecules it would closer to the ground
that means the plane can fly about 73%
faster for the same amount of thrust and
as a result you get to your destination
faster and since you spend less time in
the air you burn less fuel it seems in a
way that like climbing is wasted energy
can you compare like The Descent to the
ascent do you essentially get the energy
back as you fall down the other side
yeah when we climb we burn about 80
kilos per minute in cruise we burn about
40 kilos per minute and in descent it's
maybe 10 so it's almost negligible not
only that jet engines are more efficient
at altitude they work by compressing Air
at the intake mixing it with fuel and
igniting it so the combustion products
are ejected very fast from the exhaust
nozzle now this process is more
efficient the colder the air is and at
altitude the temperature is around -50°
cus which is a lot colder than an
average of plus 15 here at the ground so
flying high means you burn less fuel for
less time and avoid the weather and
Associated turbulence of lower altitudes
the other reason you want to fly high is
to take advantage of the jet stream
Tailwinds and the company likes people
who do that because you're burning less
fuel such less less money but there is a
problem with flying this High the air up
there is
unbreathable if you were suddenly
teleported to the top of Mount Everest a
height lower than planes fly you you
would remain conscious for only about 3
minutes this is because in addition to
density dropping with altitude so does
air pressure air pressure actually falls
off faster because it depends on the
weight of all the air above you so at 10
km the air pressure is only a quarter of
what it is at sea
level to be clear the air is still 21%
oxygen but the partial pressure of
oxygen the pressure exerted solely by
oxygen molecules is around 5.5 kilop Les
which is a quarter of what it is on the
ground now at this pressure not enough
oxygen molecules can force their way
into your blood in your lungs to
function normally humans need an oxygen
partial pressure of at least 16
kilopascals so all the cabins of
airplanes that cruise at high altitude
must be
pressurized a little bit of air is
continuously brought into the cabin from
outside it actually comes in from the
compression stage of the jet engines
that is what maintains breathable air
inside the plane the downside is that
you are taking away a little bit of the
efficiency of the
engines now pressurizing the cabin
required a radical redesign of aircraft
before pressurization planes would fly
up to 10,000 ft or around 3 km where the
partial pressure of oxygen is 15
kilopascals just at the limit of what
people can handle on these planes doors
opened outward and there wasn't much
concern about the seal around them since
the pressure was the same on both sides
but once planes were pressurized all the
doors were changed to be the shape of a
plug they're wider on the inside than
the outside that way the higher pressure
inside the cabin pushes the door into
its frame creating an airtight seal how
airtight is a cabin it's pretty airtight
but not completely airtight so you'll
notice for example every time that
someone flushes the toilet you'll see
some of the air pressure go down so
every every time that happens you can
actually see the cabin altitude jump a
little bit and this is why plane doors
and emergency exit doors don't need
locks the difference in pressure between
the pressurized cabin and the low
pressure exterior is so great that no
one is strong enough to pull the door
inwards and if someone had come up and
turned that wall your
mid-flight nothing even modern plane
doors that open outward are shaped like
plugs they're just just cleverly
designed the main passenger door on a
Boeing 737 is both wider and taller than
the frame it needs to pass through but
when you pull the lever gates at the top
and bottom fold in reducing the height
just enough however the sides are still
too wide so the door first has to pop
inside and rotate it's that movement
inwards that is impossible at altitude
it would require a force equivalent to
lifting 9,000 kg
and airplane cabins aren't even fully
pressurized to the sea level pressure of
101.3 kilopascals you may have noticed
this if you take a bag of chips on a
plane it's easy to squish on the ground
but as the plane climbs the pressure in
the cabin drops and the chip bag seems
to inflate like a balloon I measured the
pressure in my plane and at cruising
altitude the pressure dropped to 77
kilopascals meaning the partial pressure
of oxygen was only 16 kilopascals the
minimum required for people on the plane
to feel
normal this has some unintended
consequences do you think you fart more
in a
plane if I did I'd blame someone
else I feel like no no no I can't let a
rip no way in the world do you think you
fart more in a plane than on the ground
100% no
hesitation sure I mean it's got to do
with the cabin pressure right so as you
go up that cavity in here now expands
and the air wants to go somewhere and
the quickest place it can go is
South me chips just pared by
itself now the International Space
Station is pressurized to sea level
pressure 101.3 kilopascals so why are
planes pressurized to the minimum extent
possible to carry human passengers well
it's actually for a very good
reason in 1988 Aloha Airlines 243 was on
route from Hilo to Honolulu Hawaii the
cabin was being pressurized as we've
described but unfortunately this plane's
fuselage had a small crack and all of a
sudden at 24,000 ft the crack widened
and the whole roof tore off the front of
the
plane miraculously the pilots were able
to land safely and only one person was
killed the difference between the
International Space Station and a plane
is that the ISS was pressurized once and
it stays pressurized but a plane
experiences a pressure difference every
time it climbs to cruising altitude so
the fuselage is stretched and then
relaxed with every flight stretched and
relaxed stretched and relaxed the Aloha
Airlines plane had the second highest
737 flight cycle count in the world with
nearly 990,000 in total that's way more
than it it was designed for this led to
fatigue cracking corrosion and the
eventual explosive decompression so
planes are pressurized to the least
extent possible to minimize stresses and
extend the life of the
plane but even 75% of atmospheric
pressure should be plenty to prevent the
doors from opening so how did this
happen in May
2023 a passenger panicked and and
actually managed to open Airbus
emergency exit in flight they were on
Final Approach then they were quite
close to the ground so the pressure
differential was very little and because
of he him using all of his Force he
actually managed to get the door open
which was crazy and we didn't think that
that was possible but if you want
something bad enough I guess it is wow
was he okay he was okay everyone was
okay in that case that was a pretty
serious mishap so I guess the next
logical question is have any other
passengers inadvertently caused a mishap
by say forgetting to put their phone on
airplane mode when you're sitting there
in the tarmac and they come on and tell
you to put your phone on airplane mode
do you do it and why why do they get us
to do that what is the reason is there a
reason obviously they wouldn't asked you
to do it if it wasn't for some benefit
I'm unfortunately a bit of a rebel and I
don't follow the rules and Y but you're
not worried about taking the plane down
I'd make sure my my parents have the
airplane mod on so I can have it off I
mean yes I do because I don't want to
interfering with like the radio or
whatever well I think it's the um
communication interference I feel like
I've always been told like it messes up
like instruments but honestly they're
always just told to do it so you know
just got to put your phone in airplane
mode in 1961 the Federal Aviation
Administration or FAA found that some
portable FM radios could interfere with
plane navigation systems since they used
neighboring radio bands
and out of caution they banned almost
all personal electronics on flights but
Airlines could test any device for
interference and overrule the FAA ban to
allow it on board any device that is
except a phone because another
organization has jurisdiction over
phones and that's the Federal
Communications Commission or
FCC see a phone on the ground with
buildings and hills around it can
usually only see one or two cell towers
at the same time but from the air it
could see 10 or 20 or more the concern
was that 200 phones traveling at 800
kmph in a plane could rapidly connect to
many Towers at once overloading the
infrastructure at least that's what the
FCC thought could happen so they banned
cell phone use in Flight in
1991 but there's a problem with this
Theory a plane is a a big metal
enclosure essentially a faay cage so it
should block almost all electromagnetic
signals that's why plane antennas are
located on the outside your phone
signals can only Escape Through the
Windows which means they go horizontally
out the sides of the plane so they would
have to travel long distances before
reaching the ground and the cell towers
your phone is trying to connect to well
they are tilted downwards you know to
collect all the signals from people
walking around on the ground so it's
very hard to make a connection from the
air unless you're flying really low so
phones could only conceivably disrupt
ground networks during takeoff or
landing and the FCC never even tested if
this was the case in 2005 they went
before Congress and said the rule
Banning 800 MHz cell phone use in Flight
may not be needed in order to protect
groundbased cellular
networks as far as we know a mobile
phone has never caused an air accident
all airplane mode does for sure is save
your battery life so why are these rules
still around I've been flying myself and
where I've gotten interference you know
when you're talking to a traffic control
and you get
that you know that signal and that is
because someone is either using their
phone or the phone is on will one uh
phone in an aircraft cause any problems
probably not will 200 do something maybe
rather than taking the chance of like
let everyone update their Twitter
profile at 500 ft rather than saying
that we we're saying no you know just
keep them off you know enjoy the Wi-Fi
up at altitude and and that's it but
airplane mode might soon be a thing of
the past the EU actually no longer
requires it and is pushing for Airlines
to provide 5G service on all EU
flights so we may eliminate that
inconvenience but we still have to deal
with airplane food what do think about
airplane food I only eat the bread rolls
that's anything I can handle from that
everything tastes like mush it can not
be very good it can be very terrible H
blish different consistency do you think
the food tastes as good in a plane as it
would on the ground
no but bad tasting food might not be all
the airline's fault see the air that's
pumped into the cabin at altitude is
really dry I mean the Sahara Desert for
reference has an average relative
humidity of 25%
but inside an airplane cabin it can be
as low as
5% this can dry out your nasal passages
hindering your sense of smell and
therefore taste the lower cabin pressure
can also decrease Sensations like the
intensity of salt and sugar but there is
one flavor that appears to be enhanced
in
Flight what do you drink in an airplane
what's your drink of choice apple juice
apple juice interesting I mean Coke
that's default orange or app apple juice
jit and tonic maybe a bloody mary if if
uh you're the first one today really
yeah a German survey of a thousand
Flyers found that more than a quarter of
them ordered tomato juice in flight and
what's really weird is that 23% of those
people would never drink it on the
ground and would you drink Bloody Mar
would that be like a standard drink at
the bar or is it a special plane drink I
only have it on planes so why is
everyone ordering tomato juice well it
could be because of the noise a 2015
study points to the Corda Tony a nerve
that carries taste information from the
tongue to the brain stem it runs right
past the eardrum between the tiny sound
conducting bones so loud cabino might
unintentionally stimulate it this could
produce an audio illusion that boosts
our sense of umami the Savory taste you
find in MSG soy sauce and well
Tomatoes I always drink tomatoes juice
and I never knew why it just felt like
my plain drink or like spicy tomato
juice like both of those are favorites
of M yeah so next time you're on a
flight go for something extra sweet or
salty or maybe try the tomato
juice I feel like with how much people
fly our perspective of flying is still
pretty distorted so why is that yeah I
know that we talk a lot about accidents
and incidents and we dig into them
really really deep and people might ask
why would you be doing this doesn't that
just make people even more afraid of
flying but the fact is that this is one
of the Prime reasons why Aviation is as
safe as it is the fact that we have
hundreds of professionals that dig deep
into these accidents means that we learn
from them so every flight becomes a
little bit safer that's actually a big
reason that I started my channel Mentor
pilot in the first place cuz I promise
you the more you know the safer you'll
feel
do you think that climate change
increases
turbulence depends on what people think
their opinions uh it's been a bit
without any news recently how's in there
today the media tends to prioritize
sensationalized headlines over key
details part of why airplane mode is
still such a big deal today is because
of the media frenzy it started in the
1960s so it's more important than ever
to look at all sides of the story this
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information if you look closer you'll
see that some of the outlets like the
independent and the scmp argue that
climate change is making flying more
dangerous While others like the Free
Press paint a different picture by
dismissing the study that's why it's
really important to look at all the
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