Kind: captions Language: en [Music] North America the land that we love it looks pretty familiar don't you think well think [Music] again the ground we walk on is full of [Music] surprises if you know where to look as a geologist the Grand Canyon is perhaps the best place in in the world every single one of these layers tells its own story about what North America was like when that layer was deposited so you're ready for a little time traveling I'm Kirk Johnson the director of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and in this three-part Nova special I'll take you on the field trip of a lifetime W look at that rock right there that is crazy to find out how did our amazing continent get to be the way it is underneath Lake Superior that's about 30 mil miles of volcanic rock how did the landscape shaped the creatures who lived and died here doesn't look like much but this layer is Armageddon and how did we turn the rocks of our homeland oh man into riches this thing is phenomenal we'll hunt down the clues to our continent epic past some right in the heart of New York City whoa I've always wanted to do this this place was once surrounded by mountains as high as the Rockies but now they're eroded away to nothing we know one thing for sure in geology no landscape is permanent why did North America could give rise to so many different kinds of dinosaurs yikes that makes a grizzly bear look like nothing the secret May lie in Kansas let's go find some fossils huh this giant fish once swam in a huge Inland Sea that split our continent in half for more than 20 million years this jaw is huge I mean this must have been an immense fish 14 ft long 14t long fish in Kansas that's what I'm telling you but what about us how did we get here 20,000 years ago much of North America was locked behind an enormous wall of ice here we go that's it this is not the easiest thing in the world you know it's it's hard to imagine somebody Crossing even one ice field like this 25,000 years ago this this is insane unforgiving yet rewarding this land's Treasures helped build our civilization offering riches born in a violent past I've always thought of earthquakes as very destructive kinds of things every time you look at a vein of quartz you're really seen an ancient earthquake it's the way to the gold wow incredible it's an epic Tale playing out over 4 billion years a journey of Discovery through our own backyard as we peel back the layers peel it back and turn back the clock that is unbelievable palm tree in Alaska find out what's hiding beneath our feet making North America this fall on Nova