Kind: captions
Language: en
we'll call you Bob they call it a
profound so it's okay okay well so you
will control the vicinity by yourself
yes okay can I start to share my screen
now yeah yes so just just to try it it o
my screen sharing I did the problem has
been assigned as the co-host or they can
he can he can play oh okay because our
committee problem is already I think she
can you see the screen now yes yes yeah
just just try there okay you try great
great great great so bow we have to wait
for 9 a.m. yes because we will will be
live on YouTube and then it it is
knowledge on a 9 a.m. okay so we will
wait for some time as until 9:00 okay so
you let me say my camera I'm not sure
whether you can see my camera good good
can you see that yes yes say yeah in
office yes I'm in my office right now
today so just just for information Jodi
ended in the zoom room in the indeed in
this room in the zoom is 40 about 50 we
are in the room yes but he because we
broadcast live on the YouTube it might
be will be more because yesterday about
300 or something already my my I know
that the main audience the many audience
is a student and government officer is a
is a local government officer or the
central government officer ah
so be in the inner in a room in the
energy from is a is combined I did their
selections and also the local government
stop maybe I did yeah you can who will
voice in the choir in the in the in the
gym room
Robbie okay mine off or participant were
a government officer and some of them
was the consultant the increments
consultant and a few of them was the
lecturer and popular YouTube I don't
exactly know I think more most of I
think so because my studio in and to see
in there to in the in the job on the
YouTube so because that's funny I have a
class hmm will be classed up because now
is still summer holiday okay next
semester a bill I will have a class on
the in the environmental bottom and from
the bad energy so it's a compulsory for
them to join but if it's all in the in
the zone meeting room it will too
crowded so actually because sometime if
is too many in the und in the gym so you
said it difficult to control
yeah so it's it's better there so the
video will be share and you will keep on
YouTube yeah can you share with me the
youtube link as well
ah yes yes can you see can you send me I
mean I was did probably send a link to
me and they will say wait for a minute
sir I asked our committee for no hurry
no hurry so during the presentation
maybe I will not camera too so that the
audience might pay more attention to the
presentation is alright and but it's no
problem because usually they the the the
speaker is just only only smaller
a small camera on the top of the okay
that will be no no problem if you it's
better to show also your face as well
but because this it's only on the right
side just worried effect you the screen
as well yeah no no okay that's good yeah
but like let's see if okay I can let me
try let me try first how I look yeah
like this yeah and then maybe but in the
YouTube they're really just only only
yourself so someone will talking will be
on the screen how about this I mean are
you audio tube is a squid like this when
we appear on YouTube right yeah but but
but the speaker will be only appear on
the top on the right top side of the
okay okay yeah I got it yeah only only
someone who are the speaker yeah okay
otherwise show everyone no no no see
okay I already send the link to you the
link of the okay thank you thank you I
already saw this yeah okay sir please
ready
on the YouTube I think she's ready on
the YouTube yes yes say in the YouTube
you face just only on the top right of
the corner
yeah yes yes I'm not checking yeah yes
you sorry
Cassandra yeah kid ninh talk money she
says he'll meet lug in unit exams
villain but Andrew can be some American
circulars in promise you and I yeah
basically and that said he put the
roster yeah yeah okay Wow yes okay okay
we will start bow could you turn off the
patient isn't because I will I will show
you the the city of you okay okay yeah
yeah let me turn up so let me stop
sharing those yeah okay yeah okay I
think so we will start you know you so
did
okay okay so good morning everybody so
we will start our our session that's
this one is the the appreciation report
today and then we are delighted to
invite dr. palm and I will show you the
the the briefs CV of dr. palm so dr. Pam
I call him bow so he he's graduated from
the department of urban engineering
University of Tokyo he has more than 10
years of working experience in the equal
conducting interdisciplinary research
and projects actually in the water
supply and sanitation in developing
countries so I I know
Wow for many years seen him he was a
student in
University so that I'm delighted to
welcome dr. mom
I call him bow because now he is engaged
with I guess as a senior policy policy
researchers I just is I just extend for
the intern is so I probably Bauer will
explain about the I just was so it said
I just look at it in in the Tokyo Japan
and he ended with many projects actually
in Asia and then visited in initial many
times and then I think almost every few
months if you sit Indonesia although for
me in this time of the year is difficult
but hopefully if after the Panama key
periods off ur for the we will teach it
again in Alicia
so I think this one is the introduction
of dr. mom so I will leave bow you can
share your presentation and then the
time is yours but I will stop sharing
yeah thank you very much professor
Chandra for your very kind introduction
so please let me allow allow me to share
my screen can you see that right now
it's great gage okay good morning
everyone
it's my pleasure to to be invited to
give you a top to gaze on the distance
lies with water and surface Messman in
asia some challenge and opportunity as a
professor Chandra has already karlie
introduced my name is well I'm not
working as a senior policy researcher at
the steel for global environmental
strategy in Japan so digital cap policy
oriented
Research Institute are supported by the
military of environment of Japan's so as
professor already kindly introduced I
have more than actually more than 15
years of working experience in the field
of water in center
especially in ASEAN country and
currently we are now operating a network
called water environment partnership in
Asia is a funded by the Government of
Japan to support to improve the water
government in many Asian country and at
the same time I am now living a project
also funded by Japanese government to
ASEAN country the the fund directly to
the ASEAN secretary in order to support
to promote the implementation the
distance relay was what a madman in
ASEAN country so for the presentation
today I'd like to give you the whole
picture of how the recent highways water
and surface measurement has been
implemented in ASEAN country and
particularly with a focus on the ASEAN
countries including Indonesia so that is
my very brief introductions about our
ally my presentation today and okay I
cannot sorry I cannot move the slide and
what happened here okay so this is our
life my talk today's first I like to
give you a brief overview of the
domestic wastewater
incepted management in Asia and what
type challenge that many country is now
facing but at the same time what kind of
good practice what lesson we can learn
from from from the commandment country
and also what is the opportunity and
what is the visit model planning for the
domestic wastewater incepted Messman
through some case study in the ASEAN
country including the inner Asia and
after that we like to discuss what is
the way forward to promote the recent
slide wastewater madman in our region
you know that in our ASEAN country many
country is now facing the same challenge
the challenge of the rapid population
grows in some area the population grow
very quickly very fast and urbanization
industrialization and especially there's
a big change in the consumption pattern
in the reason we have observed over the
last moment
what I mean is that the big ship to
inter but the diet toward more highly
water intensive foods Chuck has a meat
miss consumption many country is now
conscious consume a lot of meat and then
the meat consumption per capita also
increased significantly over the last
ten year as a result it's led to a very
significant increase in the water demand
you know to further meat productions and
then as a result it put a lot of burden
a hue button under water infrastructure
in the region especially the wastewater
infrastructure so based on our
information up to now we found that is
allow night 80 to 90 percent of the
other generated with water in the
regions is now Richard directly into the
water body without any proper treatment
all only partially treated by some kind
of simple on-site sanitation system what
we call it is a septic tank which is a
very common unconsciously due to the
very poor performance of the tanks and
also due to the lac operon in
maintaining a lot of contaminations and
liqueurs has occurred and effect to the
growl and survey water and also put a
lot of economic impact to the country
and often the citation is often is a
neglect aspect development in many Asian
countries is particularly in ASEAN
country where the spending is very
limited I mean the spending for
sanitation is very limited it compared
to the other sector and many country
give more priority to the other agenda
so according to the recent World Bank's
study is said that because of the poor
sanitation in many countries like
Cambodia Indonesia Philippines and
Vietnam
so those country has lost around 9
billion US dollar per year because of
the poor sanitation and as and and
because because of this guy poor
sanitation so it has a lot of impacts
the impacts to the tourism impact to the
environment impact to the water and
impact of the health so this is a crap
result is so a breakdown of the economic
impact of
for sanitation in some country depend on
the sector
so this brief data is limited from 2008
public in 2008 but I think nowadays the
impact is even more significant yeah
and in order to address this impact of
wastewater poor wastewater management
many country try to incur it to install
some kind of on science annotation
system like septic tank or flap and
portal and so on so this map show you
the percentage of population served by
on-site sanitation technology around the
world especially if you look at the in
Asia many country do not have access to
the sewer system but they have to rely
heavily on the some Chi on-site
sanitation system like septic tank or
both poor of poor flat latrine and so on
and this map give you a more clear
pictures and in term of the breakdown up
to how much percentage are there of the
septic tanks has been installed in urban
area in some country especially you can
see some country in ASEAN for example in
Indonesia of more than 63 percent of the
urban household equipped with the septic
tank and also lacks ratio of the
population is not using a septic tank
but just the toilet inside a house and
then passing directly to the fessing
their wastewater directly to the outside
to drainage candor an internal set that
set that is a capslock generated form
the septic tank only four percent of the
separate is separate treated and
disposal in inertia and other country
the situation is quite similar like in
vietnam also only four percent of the
surface has been safely disposal but the
remaining ninety six percent be just
dumping directly to the urban
environment or illegal dumping and so on
so that's situations create a lot of
problem too many country in in the
reason
and you know that about about 10 about
to fajn mm mm there the United Nations
committees has Assembly has already
approved the MDG what it called million
Development Goal under the million
development goal they tried to increase
the ratio of access to the improve
citations and improve the water supply
so basically in the MDG they focused
more on the installation of the facility
ich weiß they taller and how to increase
the ratio of the people except to
drinking water and so on but in 2015
many country gathering together again to
develop a more comprehensive agenda what
we call is 2030 agenda for sustainable
development and then under this agenda
their 17 goal has been proposed to
address the challenge of the world
nowadays and among these 17 gone there's
a goal is cons go number sick focus on
the water and sanitation which loop is
more comprehensive approach to address
the challenge of water issue it's not
only how to promote this the tallest the
drinking water access but also how to
attract the effluent from this cap on
science citation system like how to deal
with the wastewater how to how to
improve the water resort Messman how to
improve the ecosystem how to improve the
water use efficiency and so on so this
is more comprehensive look at the whole
water cycle so that is more give a more
challenge to the country to achieve this
goal and also the target
and in the DG's they identified that one
system is considered as a safely managed
sanitation system is must be addressed
not only the wastewater but also the
escrita or the susceptance generated
formed on sanitation sanitation system
so it means that according to the new
definition both wastewater and excreta
must be properly treated before we chat
outside so as you can see here in order
to meet the ABC number sick on water
sensations we need to look at the whole
component across the sanitation service
change it's not only about the tallest I
mean in a containment it's not only
about the final treatment but we have to
think how to properly empty how to
properly transport how to properly treat
it and how to properly make use of this
gap and use products from the treatment
process
so yes this is the the the picture we
often see in many development countries
where they have a intensive network of
the civil system where they have the the
toilet inside how and the tallest is
water wastewater the in directly
into the Civic Network and then into
pumping station and they depend to the
sewage treatment plan and then the
wastewater has been properly treated me
for each other's outside environment but
in many country in many country in our
reasons we do not have fully accept to
the network system so as a result we
have to rely a lot on the unsigned
sanitation system or decentralized
system small system for the community
like San Dimas that we often see many
system has been installed in Indonesia
yeah so for this system is how to ensure
the proper operation and maintenance of
the unsigned sanitation system or Viva
system play a very important and key
role in order to ensure the good water
qualities in to open environment yes so
as a result of these situations many
country is now facing a lot of problem
with the with with the degrading water
quality in the water body so this
picture show you the trend of water
quality stated in Indonesia form the
year 2014 to the year 2018 and you can
see here it look like recently in 2018
the water quality's in inner Asia has
slightly improved but again if you look
at back to the history over the last
four or five years that the majorities
of the river in inertia has been
classified as heavily polluted river the
polluted is mostly coming from the
domestic the livestock the industry and
especially from the non point source
pollution and it's called a lot problem
in terms of the health of how rich
including the coliform
coliform beauty of a pollutant and so on
yes
and again this is a result show you the
inventory analysis of the pollution
sought in some major river basin in
Indonesia for example in Citarum River
and is you can see here this picture
that the majority of pollution sought is
the coming from mostly from domestic and
after that another sort is agriculture
also plays a very cyclical sauce in the
in the in durmitor pollution load in
Indonesia so how to address the
wastewater the pollution sort of a
pollution illness sought from this
domestic salt is a major challenge that
we need to consider in the future in
terms of the septage it means a slot for
a separate time then I can see that if
you if you google you can see that there
are so many join an article many
research has been done in order to
address the issue of septic management
and separate treatment there's a lot of
Technology has been discussed in this
scab joinha paper including the low-cost
technology the advanced technology and
so on so the science seemed to be very
clear but if you look at the real the
real tea is not true so in the Realty we
can see that mode of the scepters has
been collected by some private company
and you and we can observe in for
example in Bandung city or in in
Denpasar City that mode of the percept s
has been collected by the private sector
private company and then this cap
scepters has been either rich and
illegally somewhere this picture I show
you on the left hand is the surface has
been collected by a company in Vietnam
and then they did chat directly into the
fist on this picture we took from I
think from from from from mondo and some
company also did shots into the into the
sea with tender
serious system so if you can imagine
that's a truck of five
cubic meter a frico slot or septage
dumping illegal dumping so it can echo
equivalent to five thousand people
practice open defecation so you can see
how in how much impact if just one track
dumping to outside environment it can
affect to our life our human health and
so on and if you just take one gram of
the feces from our humans and one gram
of feces it can contains around more
than hundred Parris I ate more than
thousand protozoa more than 1 million
bacteria and more than 10 million virus
in just one gram of feces so that is a
problem and so as a result you know to
address the surplus Messman it's a
require a comprehensive and integrate
the system approach that need to
consider the whole sanitation service
change and we need to look at the whole
aspect it's not about a technical aspect
but also the legal what cab legal aspect
what kind institutional aspect work a
financial aspect and so on and then the
most important is we need a car operate
visit model it for the septons Messman
in the reason because not like in water
supply in water supply you can get the
revenue from the customer from the user
but for the wastewater basically it's
very difficult to collect a fee from the
household and from the polluter and in
some country the wastewater fee has been
incorporated into the water bill but
again very small for example in Vietnam
in in Lao and Philippine and so on the
wastewater fee is about ten percent or
50 percent of the water supply but again
it's very difficult for father for the
wastewater company to collect this free
usury to depend on the city depend on
the country by country so this is a you
know to give you a brief understanding
what kind of common challenge that we
often face across the visit across the
Sanitation Civic change and then we
conduct some kind of study in bundles
and in them masa City and we found this
common issue we often observe across the
sanitation service chain for example in
terms of the on-site sanitation live
septic tank and so on there is a lack of
regulation and enforcement in term of
the design standard further on-site
sanitation system I mean for the septic
tank motive excessive time has been
contracted by on the experience of the
contractor so normally they do not
follow the the Senate guy lie or even
the country do not have a guy lie or the
contractor they are not aware that
whether the country have the guy like or
not
that'd be one issue the second issue is
like a regular maintenance normally when
the household in stone the septic time
they don't know when the septic tank has
been installed and as a result they only
cone for the servic company to empty
stock when they have problem with a
septic tank whether when the sec tank
has been block block then they have to
come to the company otherwise they are
not cold so in many case that's many
household they didn't cone for the
regular slot empty more for more than
ten years so that is very popular the
second is in term of the transportation
collection and so on there is a like a
standard operating procedure for empty
is a slot and transportation in many
households earn that because the the
septic tank has been not opened for more
than ten year or six year then a lot of
a lot of scum has been accumulated on
the survey updates of the second tank so
as a result it's very difficult to break
down this gap scum so it has been only
so it died so when the when the servic
company when they come to collect the
slot what they empty is not slab
actually what they empty is only the
wastewater part but the slat part is
still accumulated on the bottom or in
the surrounding surrounding work of the
other set of time so normally for this
guy the the the service provider I mean
that the truck the truck the trucker
need to use some kind of stick to break
down this gap
the first before using the pie to
suction to empty the slot but normally
in in um in in many case they don't use
this they just use the pie inject
directly to the second time and then
empty is a slot but actually that the
pot coming out is just wet of with water
part so there's like a standard
operating procedure has been observed
and motor decay is by on the unconscious
by it's not my under regular miss
watching serve it in although I know
that in many city they start to consider
to introduce the schedule dis watchings
program but this is a very few case yeah
so also in terms of the separate
treatment just like a treatment plant a
we can see that for example in Bandung
city we don't have any sludge treatment
plants in Bandung city in Denpasar City
they have a one slot treatment plan but
very limited capacity so it's only
treated very small amount of slot but
the majority of slot has been bringing
to somewhere we don't know yeah
so in order to understand in us to have
the policymaker
and a scientist and planner to
understand the whole picture how the
wastewater house lot has been many's in
some country and one of the approach we
has been introduced in manic city in
many countries recently is to visualize
to develop a car seat flow diagram so
that we can understand how much the
how much the wastewater has been
generated in some city and where it's
going how many percent has been going to
the treatment path plan how many percent
has been properly treated and how many
many percent is have been illegally
dumping and so on so Bay on this skype
diagram is Hector happy to visualize the
the real situation and thereby on this
Skype situation the policymaker the
sanitation Panda we know which area
which part we need to focus in to
improve the situation so as a result
many sis flow diagram has been developed
into for the many asean city for example
this example of the SIP flow diagram has
developed for the non-temporary city of
thailand and this one is for Danone city
of vietnam and this one is for Bandung
city under one of our projects in
collaboration with ITB in 2018 2017 so
we also develop this kind of diagram so
that we can have to the policymaker and
sanitation planner to understand what
cap situation and then after that we
discuss about how to address this gap
challenge both technically and
financially is the generally and so on
yeah and I said that in order to address
the sanitation issue in many country
especially in ASEAN country this many
approach has been introduced so far
including the view of the septic tanks
on science and other on sanitation
system including the build up the
installation of regular restructuring so
bid or invasion we can schedule
dispatching survey and then it's some
more liberal country they start to
install the sensor light which what
treatment plan but in many case the
centralized wastewater treatment plan
it's very limited in has been very
limited has been observed in many
country because of the huge costs
requirement to install the recent right
to install the sensor like wastewater
treatment plan so area zoo as a result
one of the final solution to address
this challenge it to develop a
decentralized system which required must
lower cost but at the same time the
construction is very sought not so long
like centerline and also have to attract
the local issue the challenge on the
ground but when I discuss with many
country there's many people many
countries seem confusing what system is
considered as an essence lies waste
water treatment system for example in in
Indonesia you already installed many
recent centralized system lies cinema
system the cinema system is considered
it can treat the wastewater like maybe
from 50 household to 200 or 300
household so it can be considered as a
distance life but my question is whether
is
it can be 1,000 household or is more can
it be considered as a decimal system so
there's a lack of definition what kind
of system is considered as a decent
system in Vietnam they develop some care
policy they clearly a defy that okay for
on-site system if the total volume of
the waste water reaches is less than 50
cubic meter per day from some household
or from some facility is considered as
on-site system f all screwed the system
is can be from 50 to 200 cubic meter per
day but for any system that let then
1,000 cubic meter per day and then the
wastewater generated close to the salt
then consider as a decent isolation
system so that is the definition from
Vietnam but many other agency LIBOR
da-ad we also start to install many
missions our system and also according
to the definition basically the
decentralized system is the system that
trip that collect and treat and reuse a
wastewater at or near the salt
generation there so that is a quite good
definition of the the recent rice system
and normally I said that the listening
system normally the capacity of the
system is less than 1000 cubic meter per
day normally is considered as a
decentralized system according to the
model as well so as I said that the
distance right system had can attract
the limitation from the central system
which require a lot of cost and very
complexity in operation in maintenance
so as a result in decentralized
sanitation option can be considered as
an interim solution before the country
install the central system this care
practice has been observed in many
countries for example in Philippines so
I will explain you more detail about a
good story from Philippine in the next
slide in the future let us like in terms
of the benefits what is the benefits of
the centralized system compared to the
centralized system so there's a lot of
benefits that we can observe for example
in terms of economic benefits is this a
nice set resistant require low cost
investment low investment cost the
design work is can be the the system can
be designed in a molar in a modular
design and there's subtype options for
the integration into the broader urban
land use and development pattern and
then in term of the social aspect it can
help to improve the high teens have to
reduce the hair risk and also give
opportunity for the PPP model
public-private partnership model and
also the what can observe can also
provide a lot of low-cost solution so in
term of environmental point of view it
can help to improve the water quality it
can help to improve the water needs
because of the effluent from the
distance rail system can be reused for
the invocation for agriculture and so on
and then this insurance system can offer
an opportunity for the nutrient recovery
and also has been observed in Medicaid
so this is a very typical decentralized
system as we have observed in many
country this system who have been
observed in in Thailand has been
installed in the in the inner
communities near the soccer soccer
province in Thailand for the for the
system is about 50 cubic meter per days
they use septic tanks constructed
wetland and waste supplies and porn
another system has been installed in
chair my they also use another wicks
filter and also septic tank and so on
there's a variety of technology can be
used alight under the decentralized
system this another example has been
observed in Vietnam under the under the
border project they also in stone the
anaerobic buffer reactor and then the
Efrain is another effluent going to the
anaerobic filter and then from anaerobic
filter they go to the constructed
wetland yeah
so this cap treated wastewater from the
this entire system can be reused in
agriculture this another example from
the decent system has been observed in
Amir ma
the number of the lesion stress system
has been installed for the high-rise
building for the hospital for the
industry is now increasing a lot this is
another example in in Philippine I know
no inertia and based on our information
we found that in from the total of 500
14th Regency and city in Indonesia the
separate treatment plan and system plan
has been installed in to more than 280
once a city and Regency and only to at
the moment only the 103 IP LT has
already been operated and the remaining
is not yet operate because some reason
because lack of slack I said that
because the household they only cone for
the SAVAK provider when they have
problem with a septic tank so that's why
there's like obstruct so many plan has
not yet been operate and open yeah this
is another example from Philippine so
they also consider the distance lies
wastewater treatment system approach as
a options that has been include in the
five-year plans on sanitation program in
15 that they will replicate this cap
system from from from this year the the
more and more decentralized system will
be installed in Philippine especially
for the follow very urban area or for
the committee area remote community area
yeah so these are another example from
15 that I can say that different
technology has been introduced under the
distant slice system not only to treat
the domestic wastewater from household
but also the user recent fry technology
to with Dirac where the wastewater
former public Marquis from the school
and from hotel and resort and so on so
they used quite variety of technology
not only the anaerobic
buffer reactor but also they use some
cairo tating bicycle contractor as well
this cap technology has been used to
treat the public wastewater from the
public markets in cebu so this again is
another technologies we had observed not
only using the anarwick
buffer reactor they also use a lagoon
and
so summer system the user chemical
conditioning some chemical to treat and
similarly they also use a constructed
wetland or West ablation porn has been
very popular so in order to understand
what kept challenge for promoting the
recent life was what a madman and set a
specimen in ASEAN City ASEAN country so
we already conduct our crabs project and
study in all the country and this is a
common challenge that we often observe
in this country so in term of the policy
and government and regulation we found
that there's many unclear institutional
arrangement and overlapping rows has
been observed in many countries for
example in term of sanitation or
interval wastewater yes many agency has
been aside to do to be responsible so
there's a lot of left a lot of Bro has
been overlapped so and then very
difficult to fire who is actually fully
responsible for that and the second one
is like the detail guy lie so although
the the central government they give
some kind direction to the local local
government but because of lack of
guidelines so it's very difficult for
local government to know how to keep it
want to promote the recent survive what
God knows technological solution what
kind of financial scheme they can
interview and so on so like a meteor
I'll I'd like to know how is another
challenge for them and another issue is
the lack of emphasis on the freako slab
or surface Messman basically when they
build the weight world's treatment plan
they only focus on the west wall
treatments but for that for the bye-bye
product form the West Point treatment
plan nice luck they doesn't care much
about this the second one internal
capacity so there's a lot there's lack
of technical capacity among the among
the in chats person among the government
officer especially from local government
so that is a very challenged all the
lows low I said that we cover the low
wastewater collection rice so that is
difficult for the for the company for
the Soviet
provider to rate the revenue you know to
cover for the operation and maintenance
and activity in the activity and also
another issue in terms of comply and
issue because of the lack of standard
operating procedure so that is very
difficult to ensure the the proper
operation and maintenance of this listen
drive system so many many decisions my
system lies Simas after the contraction
actually nobody taking care a monitor of
maintain the system I know that's in
some area is the has been regularly
empty by the coming community-based
organization but also it very challenge
for them because like because like a
technical expert I and also because of
like above but just to come for the
company so in many case the
community-based organization have to
manually remove slot by themself and
then use this slot for as a fertilizer
in their garden that is what I observed
in many case in Bandung city and also in
Denpasar City and another issue about
the low awareness and demand level so
because of the lack of the awareness not
only among the sanitation planner the
local government but also among the
local people as a result they are not
many people are not willing to pay for
the cost of the treatment of the
wastewater for example in in Denpasar I
see that I talked with I talked with you
Pete you pee you pity the company who in
charge of managing the wastewater system
and they say that they can only collect
wastewater free from the hotel and
restaurant and so on but I mean they
cannot collect a fee from the from the
household because the wastewater fee has
been separately collect together that's
separately with with what to build so in
the water bill is a PDM company PDM only
collect a water supply fee but the waste
waters company only collect the waste
water fee so it's very challenging to
collect these three so they already read
this issue during our discussion
as a result there's like a fee for the
operation in maintained and is this
system so that is very difficult for
them to maintain this system for long
run
and another issue is a financial I said
that the the wastewater fee even is has
been collected but the steam very low so
it cannot have to recover for the cost
for the operation and maintenance of the
system so however although they so many
challenge that has been observed in many
ASEAN country however we can also see a
lot of good example one of the good
example is a good story that we observe
from Philippine especially from Manila
and you know that in in in Philippine in
Manila the wastewater sector has been
hindered to the private sector private
company Manila water and may not water
scene 1997 at SAS high so before before
handling to the private company the
Manila City only have one wet water
treatment plant one one one one see wet
treatment plant and then only three
percent of population has been connected
with sewer system and the majority of
households been relying on the septic
tank and for the seriously I said only
once see what treatment system but can
you see here after after mmm chain after
twenty years the number of civic
treatment plan has increased to 40 so we
are wondering how they can make it
happen and one of the one of the
solution they said that after the
company after the west-world sector has
been handed to the private company to
company money land water and Menelik
water they immediately develop some
katratzi how to increase the percentage
of the wastewater treatment by
introducing some type decentralized
system so instead of jumping in to
inverse in the centralized system the
big system they invest in the additional
system and then after 10 year 15 year
they gradually after the publishin grow
after the urban urbanization has been
expand and they start to upgrade this
decentralized system into the central
system so that has been very effectively
and you can see here that for example on
the left hand you can see that first
they develop a community by system Leidy
what insane amount and so on so after
certain year and then the publication
has grown and then desti increasing and
they gradually they upgrade this one
into the into the centralized system
yeah like this so it means that the
decentralized approach for both
wastewater and concept s has been
introduced as interim solution before
they move to the bigger investment on
the centralized system so this is some
example that has been the system with
that it has been observed the
distance-wise separate treatment plants
has been contracted in the in Manila by
Manila water company and also it is
another example that by the money not
mater so they use their combinations of
the wastewater and slot they treat
together so by using this technology for
the mixed treatment of the receptors and
what's water they can significantly we
do a lot of costs and also can improve
the efficiency of the treatment process
so this treatment system this facility
has to be designed to treat 2,400 cubic
meter of the wastewater and 240 cubic
meter of the surface every day the
reason is because the wastewater
normally in the household they use a
septic tank
so Bo D has been significantly reduced
before going to the treatment plan so
that may very difficult for that for the
treatment facility normally in the
infants wastewater to the wastewater
treatment plant the ability and use you
study in the tech book is like 200 or
150 mi gram per liter but in the reality
because many countries are you to come
by system including rain water and sea
wastewater and so on that's why it
reducibility in many care for example in
vietnam the ability before going to the
west
treatment plan only 50 or 70 milligrams
per liter so that it make it very
difficult so that's why in this guy they
try to combine with the circuit they
tried to be water the acceptors and then
get this guy supernatant and then make
the inject into the influent mix with
waste water so that increase have to
increase the VOD to 250 micron per liter
so that frankly take the treatment
process more effectively so this is a
detailed technology just has been
introduced by manila water another
example we can observe from the
Nonthaburi in Thailand they also
introduced such type the in sensory
system for four separate treatment and
the slug after the scepters has been
used as a fertilizer and these
fertilizers they can sell to the farmer
and gardener and with about five ten per
month in average so they can get the
revenue and its revenue who can help the
plant to continue to operate the plant I
maintain the plant yeah so this example
I already give you a lot of example from
ASEAN country and ASEAN country now I
give you another example from developed
country like Japan how this entire
system has been introduced your hands so
in Japan in in the year 2050 in year
2060 many farmers as now has been had
use nice soil nice size mean that the
the fresh human weight they use another
nice or at a fertilizer say they use
this cap nice soil as a fertilizer to
fodder for their for their agriculture
and so on as a fertilizer but until the
Year 2060 8070 there's a lot of
pollution has been caused by the imager
or direct pitcher of the wastewater
treatment system as a result the
Government of Japan start to introduce a
system called Joe castle
Yokoso escribe on-site system all canvas
can be applied as a recent system this
has been start to be in
to use in 1997 t so as a result IBM see
here after introduce a joker saw system
the the the the risk of the hair
infection has been significantly reduced
in from the Year 2070 to the year 2080
and after that after the year 2009 TS
they start to introduce more advanced
advanced yoga so system together with
some curve series system line out a more
centralized system from the year 2080 so
as you can see here that is the
situation in 2070 and the situation
nowaday you can see that in 1997 so a
lot of pollution has been observed right
because of the lack of treatment system
like you can see in Tokyo Bay in Canada
River and in some Kai's in the
Kitakyushu way so on and a I said that
the Java saw system has been considered
as one of the alternative system in
Japan in addition to the serious system
lies that is centralized treatment
plants and so on so the wastewater from
household had been treated in joka so
system and then the slug will be
regularly collected by some company and
this lot has been transferred to the
nice soil treatment facility and where
the nice oil has been treated and that
the the the the output from this
treatment they can put you as a
fertilizer this is a it is a population
trends in Japan who use a nice soil
treatment system and domestic wastewater
treatment system you can see here that
nowadays majority of the publications
can accept to the sewer system but at
the same time just in a certain
percentage of the people of the
household stain using the Yokoso system
basically this household it has been
located in a remote area or in the
mountain area where there's no access to
the service system so as a result the
java saw system is thin very effective
for this for those area and this is a
percentage of people except to the
domestic wastewater treatment
by side of the community and you can see
here that for example for the for the
city with more than 50,000 people there
stood a certain percentage up of the
people using a Java so like JJ yeah like
19.5% of the system of the household in
Enzo city still using the Joker so
system yeah so that's why you can see
the although Japan is a quite liberal
country but the on-site sensation and
this and this interesting tension system
now Joker so plays still very play a
very important role this much so many
cup java saw has been introduced in
japan depend on the scale yoga soul may
be small scale is conserved the
population from fire to fifty people
with the capacity is let and ten cubic
meter per day all they can have a medium
system which conserve the capacity is
less than 100 cubic meter per day now it
can be more than hundred right and again
we can combine several modular so we can
increase up to 500 or 1000 cubic meter
per day yeah basically in term of the
treatment principle is similar as other
conventional treatment system like
another which treatment process and are
Arabic and then sanitation and so on so
I mean the the treatment principle is
the same but they make it very compact
so it's a combined in one compact system
and then because of the demands maybe
because requirement for the effluence
which are standard depend on a city and
by city so they can modify the Joker so
system to make it more complected so
that it can improve it can improve the
treatment efficiency so that it can
produce the VOD can be let in tamii gram
per liter and so on so they can
introduce some membrane technology not
only to reduce beauty theory but also to
remove remove the nutrient line nachos
then and for for us so on yeah you can
see here that they come by the membrane
technology so
can even reduce the VOD up to let then
five me gram per liter so this is this
guy very advanced
Yokoso system so again we're going to
the from the former's joker so
system all from the accepted from the
central I treatment plan has been
collected and treated they use a mud
methane fermentation for the for fall
for biogas generations and then the
buyers the solid part will be the water
and then use it as a composting material
in many Medicaid yeah so this is another
example from Kawasaki CD the the slat
form the all for wastewater treatment
plan has been collected and be water and
then they the start has been put in the
iteration pant and the the action acts
from the incineration plant will be used
for the cement industry and also further
for the other constructions purpose and
so on so that is a real example and in
some cases a also they even try to
convert the the the bio solid into the
fewer in the fewer like in some case has
been observed in Tokyo and so on so in
this case they converse the slug into
the choco in your chuckle and this choco
has been sell to the thermal power
plants for the power generation this is
very advanced technology has been
introduced in one of the projects by the
Tokyo Metropolitan Government and in
order to introduce this cap joke also
system the Japanese government has also
need to provide some kind of subsidy for
the constructions at the beginning so
the government can support up to 50% of
the subsidized from the beginning and
this is a central government and local
government also provides some kind of
support and the small part will be borne
by the by the household and basically
the wastewater treatment wastewater
treatment is the responsibility of the
polluter is been from household but for
the rainwater is to be the
responsibility of the local government
yeah so that's why for the rainwater
collection and treatment is to be fully
under responsibility at the of the of
the government he's a central and local
government as a result the water quality
has been improved significantly in
Japan's over the lots are more than 30
year yeah okay so in order to address
this gap challenge both in wastewater
and septet we need to have a cup visit
model to encourage the back span from
the private sector because I said that
Mikkel for this area we cannot get the
revenue would not like water supply
water supply we can get a fee on the
water user but for the scepters it's
very challenge to collect our fee so
that's why we need to develop some kind
innovative visit model so that we can
have the fun from the private sector but
at the same time we need also give them
some copper tunity further further for
raising their revenue and then some
benefit so that's why in order to make
this one we need exceed a nice we broke
their own visit model so that we can
promote the collaboration between the
private and the government topic and
private collaboration and so I said that
we work with the Denpasar city in from
2017 and 2018 in order to support a city
we will some car model to observe the
challenge before the project we
implement we found that mode of the
septics has been collected by private
company and this separate a private
company I'm where they come to collect a
circuit they even collect some free from
household and then in many case this cap
status has been illegally dumped in
somewhere that we cannot observe only
small percent has been collected and
transport to the soo-jung distance right
separate children plants and then the
this scrap company they collect some fee
from the private service provider if you
want to be just set it here you need to
pay some fee to the u PT and then after
the treatment the slot will be the bio
solid part will be
being at the moment is dumping around
the field we didn't plan mean why the
effluent we'd be chucked into the in the
water body so under these situations a
lot of illegal dumping has cannot be
controlled so that is difficult for
local government to control this
situation so after that we discuss with
local government and then we discuss
with private company and we develop a
new visit model that tried to stop the
illegal dumping at the same time to try
to encourage the private sector
involvement in this process so we
discuss with them and then we propose ok
schedule dislodging because at the
moment because luckily men from
household so that very difficult for the
company to collect the slack as well so
that's why we require a - we suggest the
government local government to introduce
the schedule is watching and then have a
card subcontract with the private
company and the private company when
they when they collect the waste the
slot for household they are not allowed
to collect a fee from house so directly
but instead of that they will bring this
slot and then transport to the treatment
plan in statement plan it depend on the
Imams what they bring to the treatment
plan they can get some fail from the EPT
and then at the same time the household
instead of paid a fee directly to
private company now we introduce some
kind as fee we could sentence and fee
this sentence and free is new for the
wastewater treatment and set the
treatment which is should be integrated
in the water wheel yeah and then the
house of invite directly for fee to the
provincial government and the provincial
government will use this money to cover
for operation and maintenance plan and
at the same time this money can be used
to return to pay father for the private
company who bring the to the
treatment plan
so this cab mechanism we call simplify
insecticide be just more oh we has been
discussed with this model with the
damned episod city and III thinks now I
was is now so now concering
to introduce this cap schedule nice
lodgings program based on our discussion
so far yeah
and in our to support to introduce the
schedule
slashing program we also proposed some
kind of GS system so that it can have
the local government for example to
monitor the efficiency of the of the
private sector operation so first we we
subject them to develop a kind database
of the household for example name of the
household location what is the bowl of a
septic tank in your house what is a
cyber septic tank and when did the last
dislodging septic tank and then by on
this information we will be blowback f
GS map so for example for household
which has not been this luck about a lot
3 year then you can see the green color
first household which has dislodge
within the last three to five year it
can be