Kind: captions
Language: en
Things related to the law of zakat fitrah.
First, zakat fitrah is compulsorey only to those who see/ meet...
...the sun set on the last day of Ramadhan.
To meet the sunset at the end of Ramadhan.
if someone reverts to Islam ...
...nearing maghrib time.
at the end of Ramadhan, then it is compulsory for him to pay
zakat fitrah.
He has to.
But if he reverts to Islam after adzan Maghrib ...
...the night before Eid el Fitr, then it is not compulsory for him to pay zakat fitrah.
Not compulsory.
There is someone...
...whose child was born...
...before Maghrib...
...then his child bears the obligation to pay zakat fitrah.
But if after maghrib then there is no obligation to pay zakat fitrah.
if the child is not born yet, then it is sunnah, not obligatory. .
But if the child is born before maghrib, then it is obligatory. .
So, zakat fitrah is related to one seeing/meeting ...
...the sunset.
if a person dies at the night of Eid el Fitr, before maghrib..
...does he bear the obligation to pay zakat fitrah?
No.
Because he died before maghrib on the last day of Ramadhan.
But if he died at isya time on the last day of Ramadhan...
he already bears the obligation to pay zakat fitrah.
then his represantative should pay the zakat fitrah on his behalf.
understood? good.
This is the first.
The second.
How much should be paid?
1 sha.
In the past, from qarma/dates,
and raisins...
then wheat.
In general, scholars share the opinions that ...
1 sha.
is for volume,
not weight.
and 1 sha is four mu'.
the size of an adult's handful.
if an adult takes a handful of dried dates, that is 1 mu'.
Two mu'.
Three mu', four mu'.
nd that is a total of one sha'.
a long time ago, there was a scholar in Madinah.
He said it was not necessary to measure
he just took some rice with his both hands and it is counted as one sha'.
He did not know how much did it weight.
Because one sha' is four mu'.
Four mu' is like this much.
It deepends on how much on the hand,it may differ.
but take it with your hands normally.
no matter how much it weights (kg).
but ...
when conversed from volume to weight ...
...it changes.
The weight of 1 mu' of raisins
and I mean, the dried grapes ...
...is different from the weight of four mu's of rice.
The weight is different.
Also different from four mu's of dates.
different from four mu's of wheat.
therefore when volume is converted to weight ...
...there are some different opinions among scholars.
I read a reference about rice for zakat.
It is differentiated between rice from India, from Indonesia that are small, detailed.
The point is, if you want to be careful, pay three kilograms.
Some say 2,4 kg,
some others say 2,8 kg.
Some say 3 kg.
So pay for 3 kg, safer.
I think, in Indonesia maybe 2,5 kg.
some say it is 2,5 kg.
2,5 kg, it is okay, but to be more careful,
3 kg.
It is caused by the conversion from volume to weight.
and then, can zakat fitrah be paid with money?
The majority of scholars has agreed that it has to be rice.
it has to be a form of staple.
if it is not staple, then it is not legitimate.
The Hanafiyah opinion is that it may be in the form of money,
middle ground opinion says it is allowed to be in a form of money when it is urgent.
For example, when we want to pay with rice,everybody has enough rice already.
people do not need rice, they need, for example...
Wallahu a'lam, everybody has rice.
For example, people needs food for side dish/ source of protein.
Rice is no longer needed.
But to be more careful...
...is with rice. But there is an opinion...
...three schools of thought (mazhab) say that it is not legitimate,
unless it is rice.
Unless it is rice.
For example, we can pay with rice.
But in a remote island...
...where it is difficult to deliver rice.
then just send money.
Maybe delivering rice takes too much time. then send money.
Only in certain condition.
But the original law is that we pay with rice.
When the amil zakat collects our money, tell them that this money is to buy rice.
So, we still give rice.
So, be careful.
It is better to give rice, because it is agreed by all to be legitimate.
but if it is money, some say it is not legitimate.
Hanafiyah says it is legitimate.
be more careful by paying with rice.
Except in certain condition, urgent, then we give money.
Only in certain condition.
Then, when is it paid?
It can be paid 1, 2, 3 days before Eid el Fitr.
So we distribute zakat. Since nowadays distribution is not easy ...
...we are allowed to distribute zakat, for example...
...on the 29th day.
On the 27th or 28th day is also allowed.
maybe it is needed.
the best is nearing Eid el Fitr.
While we can distribute it near Eid el Fitr, then it is the best.
The best is actually before Eid prayer.
But not everyone is willing to receive zakat on the D-day just before Eid prayer.
But zakat must not be paid after Eid prayer.
THe closer to Eid-el_Fitr is the better. because the function of zakat fitrah is ...
...so people won't starve on that day.
They have rice, they can eat rice.
If they have no side dish they can add salt. as long as they have rice.
That is the most important.
So zakat fitrah is not meant to make people rich.
Not to fulfill one's need for one year.
That is zakat maal.
It is different.
Therefore, the majority of scholars said zakat fitrah is given only to two asnaf.
The poor and the fakir.
Only for the poor and the fakir. Not to pay debt.
Not to pay debt. But only for the fakir and the poor.