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Bismillahirrahmanirrahim.
Assalaamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakaatuh.
Alhamdulillahi ‘ala ihsani, Wa syukru lahu‘ ala taufiqihi wamtinani
Asyhadu alla ilaaha illallah wahdahu laa syarika laa ta’zhiman lisya’ni
Wa asyhadu anna muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasulullu adda'i ila ridwani
Allahuma sholli 'alayhi wa' ala over wa wa ashabihi wa ihwani
Ladies and gentlemen, blessed by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala,
InsyaAllah, on the occasion of this morning, with the permission of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and his gifts,
we will discuss a little about the history of one of Allah's most glorious servants
Prophet David Peace be upon him
Allah mentioned his story in several surah. Allah repeats the story.
Prophet David 'alaihissalam is a very noble servant of Allah.
At the end of the lecture, InsyaAllah, we will mention how the Prophet David according to the Old Testament
according to the Nazarenes or the Jews.
We will compare how the glorification of Islam of the Prophet David 'alaihissalam
and how the Prophet David was insulted on their side.
Ladies and gentlemen, blessed by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala,
The Prophet David 'alaihissalam is often referred to by the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in his hadiths.
for example, as a role model for the shahaba,
is a person who is very diligent in worship.
Among these, in the hadith of the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam often praise the Prophet David. As
In the hadith Al-Miqdam Radhiallahu ‘anhu
Rasulullah sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said,
مَا أَكَلَ أَحَدٌ طَعَامًا قَطُّ خَيْرًا مِنْ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ عَمَلِ يَدِهِ
No one eats the best food,
like he eats food from his own work.
وَإِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام كَانَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ عَمَلِ يَدِهِ
And indeed the Prophet David 'alaihissalam, he ate from his own work.
This is certainly a motivation for someone not to beg for others.
Do not expect to others.
The Prophet mentioned, there are examples.
First the Prophet David 'alaihissalam eat from the results of his own work.
Bukhari's hadith.
Then also the Prophet David Peace be upon him,
later we will mention when he read Zabur, his voice is very beautiful
and the mountains join him in doing tasbih, the birds gather,
participate in glorifying with Prophet David Peace be upon him.
From Abu Musa al-Ash'ari rahn, the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam had heard
Abu Musa al-Ash'ari reads the Qur'an in a beautiful voice.
So the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said,
يَا أَبَا مُوسَى لَقَدْ أُوتِيتَ مِزْمَارًا مِنْ مَزَامِيرِ آلِ دَاوُدَ
O Abu Musa, truly you have been given a beautiful voice
among the beautiful voices of the David family.
'alaihissalam
Because the voice of Abu Musa when reading the Qur'an is very beautiful.
as the Prophet David 'alaihissalam when reading Zabur
in a beautiful voice.
Likewise the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam praised the Prophet David about his worship.
From Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash radhiyallahu'anhuma
The Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said to Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash
أَحَبُّ الصَّلاَةِ إِلَى اللَّهِ صَلاَةُ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ
The prayer most loved by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is the prayer of the Prophet David.
وَأَحَبُّ الصِّيَامِ إِلَى اللَّهِ صِيَامُ دَاوُدَ
And the fast that is most loved by Allah is the fast of the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
As for the prayer
وَكَانَ يَنَامُ نِصْفَ اللَّيْلِ
He slept half the night,
وَيَقُومُ ثُلُثَهُ
And he prayed for one third of the night.
وَيَنَامُ سُدُسَهُ
Then he sleeps again one sixth of the night.
So he divided the night into three.
Half to sleep
Then he in the third night woke up.
Then at the end of the night, sleep again.
Actually this method is very good.
Sleep first, then wake up at night. Then sleep again.
So that when reach the dawn, we feel fresh.
Some of us might wake up at three. Then pray until dawn.
When finished the dawn prayer, drowsiness is very strong.
But if he follows the Prophet David 'peace be upon him,
sleep then wake up at night, then sleep again at the end,
then he will feel fresh when he gets up at dawn.
The most loved by Allah, the night prayer of the Prophet David.
Fasting which is most loved by Allah is the fasting of Prophet David Peace be upon him.
In another narration, Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash
he told a story
Reported to the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
about the words of Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash.
Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash is a friend who is enthusiastic in worship.
And he once said,
وَاللَّهِ لأَصُومَنَّ النَّهَارَ ، وَلأَقُومَنَّ اللَّيْلَ ، مَا عِشْتُ
I will always fast during the day,
and I will always pray at night as long as I live.
Throughout the year. All day always.
So the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam asked Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash
Do you say that?
That every day will fast
every night will be do the night prayers
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ قَدْ قُلْتُهُ بِأَبِى أَنْتَ وَأُمِّى
I said "Yes, O Messenger of Allah. I have said so."
The Prophet reminded
فَإِنَّكَ لاَ تَسْتَطِيعُ ذَلِكَ
Surely you are not able to do it.
فَصُمْ وَ أَفْطِرْ ، وَقُمْ وَنَمْ ، وَصُمْ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ
، فَإِنَّ الْحَسَنَةَ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا
وَذَلِكَ مِثْلُ صِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ
Said the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,
You should fast and break fast
You should pray at night and sleep.
Don't keep fasting.
Then the night did not sleep. Last night all night prayers.
No, but be fasting and break the fast. Pray and sleep at night.
Then you should only fast three days in a month.
Because
فَإِنَّ الْحَسَنَةَ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا
Because goodness is multiplied to 10 times.
وَذَلِكَ مِثْلُ صِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ
And this is enough if you fast three days in every month.
Means that if one is doubled to 10 times, it means three days is equal to 30 days.
Means that if in every month, one fasts 3 days, it means he fasts throughout the month.
This was the Prophet's advice to Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash.
قُلْتُ إِنِّى أُطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
Said Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash, "O Messenger of Allah, I can do more than three days."
I want more than that.
Said the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
فَصُمْ يَوْمًا وَأَفْطِرْ يَوْمَيْنِ
If so, fast one day and break the fast for two days.
Rasulullah give discount.
Fast for a day, two days off.
The fourth day, fast again, another two days off. Thus.
Someone can fast like this.
A day of fasting, two days of breaking fast.
This is also OK.
قُلْتُ إِنِّى أُطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
Said Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash, "O Messenger of Allah, I am capable of more than that."
فَصُمْ يَوْمًا وَأَفْطِرْ يَوْمًا
If so, fast one day, and break one day.
فَذَلِكَ صِيَامُ دَاوُدَ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ -
This is the fast of David Peace be upon him.
And this is the best fast.
A day of fasting, a day of breaking fast.
Said Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash
إِنِّى أُطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
"I can do more than that, O Messenger of Allah."
Every day fasting. Don't fast a day then break next day.
Said the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
لاَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
There is nothing better than this.
This best fast is the fast of the Prophet David.
The best fast in the side of Allah is the fast of the Prophet David.
A day of breaking the fast, a day of fasting.
So these hadiths which explain how the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam praised the Prophet David 'alaihissalam.
From the side of reading the Qur'an, from the side of his night prayer
his fasting
his work. The Prophet often praised the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
How is the story of the Prophet David 'alaihissalam?
Attendees blessed by Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala
The story of the Prophet David 'alaihissalam, we open at the beginning of Al-Baqarah
Verse 246
Surah Al-Baqarah verse 246.
Allah tells about the beginning of the emergence of the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
I read the word of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْمَلَإِ مِنۢ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ مُوسَىٰٓ
Said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Don't you pay attention to a group of dignitaries
al-mala means dignitaries
from the Children of Israel
this story long after the time of the Prophet Musa Peace be upon him.
We have already told the story of Jewish history.
Starting from the Prophet Yaqub, then the Prophet Yusuf Peace be upon him, who later moved to Egypt.
Then finally after the Prophet Joseph died the world,
finally the Children of Israel were tortured, enslaved by Pharaoh.
Until finally Allah sent Prophet Musa Peace be upon him.
After sending the Prophet Musa, then the Prophet Musa because Pharaoh continued to torment the Children of Israel
finally the Prophet Moses was told by Allah to take the Children of Israel
out of Egypt.
Then finally Allah sank Pharaoh and his armies.
After Moses came out of Egypt,
Prophet Moses was about to go to Palestine,
apparently there were very strong people there and the Children of Israel refused to wage jihad.
When it was finally the Children of Israel were punished by Allah by deceiving them, could not go to Palestine.
In essence, finally in the age of 40 years lost, the Prophet Moses died.
Then his successor Yusya ‘bin Nūn was replaced
his disciple Musa who accompanied him while searching for the Prophet Khidr.
His name is Yusya ‘bin Nūn.
When he was at war, he once prayed to Allah.
O Allah, I strive, please hold the sun.
Because when the sun goes down, jihad is over.
While he hasn't finished jihad. So Allah can stand the sun
not sinking, he finally finished his jihad. That is Yusya ‘bin Nūn 'alaihissalam.
After Yusya ‘bin Nūn, then another prophet, another prophet, continued
The Prophet Ayyub and so on, until finally the name Samuel appeared.
Some say Samuel is from the Hebrew language, while Arabic is Ishmael.
But the point is, there is a prophet named Samuel.
Soumuil or Samuel, that is written in the Bible.
This prophet, in the time of this prophet later later appeared the Prophet David Peace be upon him
We read it
أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْمَلَإِ مِنۢ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ مُوسَىٰٓ
Have you not considered the assembly of the Children of Israel
In an age long after the time of the Prophet Musa Peace be upon him.
َ قَالُوا۟ لِنَبِىٍّ لَّهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنَا مَلِكًا نُّقَٰتِلْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِۖ
When they said to their prophet, Samuel.
Decide for us a king that we will strive with with that king in Allah's way, subhanahu wa ta'ala.
This is in their day of oppression. In their day they were driven out of their land in Palestine.
Then their children were taken as prisoner.
So they are in a difficult condition.
So they asked to be sent by a king whom they wanted strive with, against their enemies
along with the king.
They asked their prophet.
So the prophet said
قَالَ هَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِن كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ أَلَّا تُقَٰتِلُوا۟ۖ
said the Prophet, "Would you perhaps refrain from fighting if fighting was prescribed for you?
They said
قَالُوا۟ وَمَا لَنَآ أَلَّا نُقَٰتِلَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِن دِيَٰرِنَا وَأَََْآئَِآئََِ
Why don't we fight, O Prophet?
We will certainly fight.
Why don't we fight, we have been driven out of our country.
Our children are taken prisoner.
أُخْرِجْنَا مِن دِيَٰرِنَا وَأَبْنَآئِنَاۖ
We are separated from our country, separated from our children who are taken prisoner by them.
We will fight. Why not jihad?
Allah said
فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوْا۟ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِّنْهُمْۗ
When Allah requires jihad for them,
apparently they turned away, only a few were willing to do jihad.
At first, "We will certainly be fighting." That is the Children of Israel. Like that.
Having promised to fight, it turns out that when I was obliged to fight,
what happened was feared by their prophet
apparently they turned away a lot
only a few want to fight.
وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِالظَّٰلِمِينَ
And Allah knows better about wrongdoers.
Namely those who had promised to fight,
when required to fight, it turns out they retreat.
Therefore, said the scholars when taking faidah from this verse,
one does not rely on his abilities
among the prayers of the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
وَلاَ تَكِلْنِيْ إِلَى نَفْسِيْ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ
O Allah, do not you surrender myself to myself even if only in the blink of an eye.
We leave our affairs to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Someone do not be confident about him.
But he may be confident in himself, only if he had relied on Allah.
Then he can be confident.
If he is immediately confident of himself, confident of his abilities,
forget that this is all from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala,
then it is not allowed.
That is contrary to Islam.
Islam teaches,
وَلاَ تَكِلْنِيْ إِلَى نَفْسِيْ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ
O Allah, do not let you surrender myself to me, not even a blink of an eye.
So someone do not be confident because of himself. Do not.
But he may be confident because of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
Allah has given me ability.
Such is allowed.
He put his trust in Allah, then he may be confident.
But if he is immediately confident in his abilities, then it is not allowed.
Here they are. Because they immediately said "Why don't we fight?"
We have been driven out of our country.
Our children are taken prisoner. We are definitely at war.
They forget that all abilities from whom?
from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
Finally, when war is mandated, only a few dare to fight.
And finally, Allah mentioned the prophet praying, and Allah sent a king.
To be with them to fight.
Allah said subhanahu wa ta'ala,
وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طَالُوتَ مَلِكًاۚ
So their Prophet said to them
(the authorities of the Children of Israel)
Verily, Allah has sent Talut(Saul) as a king.
Talut is a poor person.
So in the days of the Children of Israel, said mufasirun
The descendants of the prophet are usually from this line, from this tribe.
There are 12 tribes of Israelites.
The twelve tribes returned to Joseph and his brothers Peace be upon him.
There are the tribes of Joseph, Benjamin, Judah ... twelve tribes
In essence, the prophet group comes from one tribe,
king group from one tribe (another)
while Talut is not from the descendants of the prophet, not from the king's descendants
And he is a poor man.
When their prophet said "Allah sent Talut to be king." They protest.
This is the brash of the Children of Israel.
So have asked the prophet, "O prophet.. sent us a king. Ask Allah."
The Prophet had asked Allah but they did not agree with Allah's choice.
Imagine.
Jerk
قَالُوٓا۟ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنَا
How can he be the king?
master us
rule us
وَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ
"We are descendants of kings."
"He is not from the line of kings."
"We have more right to be the king than he do."
Imagine, protest against the choice of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
Indeed the Jews were a jerk from the first.
Now it's worse.
In essence, the prophet was protested.
Then they postulated to refute Allah.
So Allah chose, this is the king. They argue with Allah, they even use the argument.
they said "We have more right to take the throne."
وَلَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِّنَ الْمَالِۚ
"And he has no wealth."
He was not given any property. How do you want to be king? The king must be rich,
the descendants of the king, descendants of the noble
These are poor people, don't have wealth,
maybe working in the market, why suddenly became king.
But Allah chose. What does the prophet say explain?
The so-called by the mufasirun, Samuel.
Peace be upon him. He says
إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَىٰهُ عَلَيْكُمْ
O Children of Israel, Allah has chosen for you, Allah has chosen.
What do you want to do?
إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَىٰهُ عَلَيْكُمْ
Allah has chosen him as your king.
Then
وَزَادَهُۥ بَسْطَةً فِى الْعِلْمِ وَالْجِسْمِۖ
And Allah has given to Talut,
spaciousness in science and body strength.
So he has knowledge and he has power.
And these are two qualities that are important to a leader.
As a king.
Knowledgeable and strong.
Especially in ancient times.
In war. In jihad. What is needed is not a lot of money.
Not a descendant of the noble
It doesn't have to be of royal blood.
But what is needed, especially in that era, is a strong body and an intelligent brain.
Extensive knowledge.
Then they forget. So the Prophet Samuel explained to them.
Talut deserves to be king.
Although he is not a descendant of the noble
But he is an intelligent person, given knowledge,
and he is a strong person.
وَاللَّهُ يُؤْتِى مُلْكَهُۥ مَن يَشَآءُۚ
Then the prophet argued again,
the affairs of the kingdom of Allah give to what Allah wants.
It doesn't have to be of royal blood.
وَاللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
And Allah is vast in His gifts, and Allah is All-Knowing.
So, I read this, I was jaw-dropped by the Children of Israel.
It has been chosen by Allah, still disagrees with Allah.
Even they protested, even issued arguments to refute Allah.
Finally denied by the Prophet Samuel.
Then to bring forth the proposition again, that Talut is not worthy of being a king,
so the Prophet Samuel said
وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ ءَايَةَ مُلْكِهِۦٓ أَن يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَة مِّن ََُّ
وَبَقِيَّةٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ ءَالُ مُوسَىٰ وَءَالُ هَٰرُونَ
تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُۚ
Said the prophet Samuel to them, to the Children of Israel.
Truly the signs that he is a king,
that the ark will come
the ark is a kind of box
there are many versions in the tafseer book
What is the Ark? Some say, something like a jar
That's where it used to be
it is a kind of slab or made of gold or copper
that is where the Prophets first cleaned their breasts like the Prophet when Isra Miraj
his heart was opened, and then cleaned
Some say it is the wind that brings calm
I have not read in detail, the words of which interpretation is correct from these opinions.
In essence, linguistically, it is said to come to you a ark
somewhere where there is sakinah
there is "calm", that the meaning of sakinah
رَّبِّكُمْ
information from your Rabb
وَبَقِيَّةٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ ءَالُ مُوسَىٰ وَءَالُ هَٰرُونَ
And the remnants left by the family of Moses and the family of Aaron.
تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُۚ
The box will be carried by an angel.
As a sign that when it comes,
it is the prove that Talut is king.
And indeed, it turns out that it came, brought by angels.
As for what is left over from the legacy of Moses and Aaron in the box
Allah knows best, some say there are still a few pieces of the law
some say, there is the scepter of the Prophet Musa Peace be upon him
This is what the mufasirun say, but there are no authentic hadiths
all come from Israil news
with various mistakes in their circles
إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَءَايَةً لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
And in that, there is a sign for you if you believe.
Finally when he saw the ark came brought by angels before them,
only finally did they want to make Talut king.
After a variety of propositions, they just want to bow.
So the Children of Israel like that huh.
Finally,
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala said
فَلَمَّا فَصَلَ طَالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ
Finally Talut became king. Then he brought an army of the Children of Israel
for the war against Jalut.
His troops were the Goliath who had captured the land of the Children of Israel.
Who have captured their children.
Then Talut left with the Children of Israel.
Then he reminded his troops.
قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مُبْتَلِيكُم بِنَهَرٍ
O my army, surely Allah will test you with a river.
We will pass a river.
It means, you will be thirsty, we will be thirsty
فَمَن شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّى
No one can drink from the river.
We will pass the long way.
Extraordinary thirst.
But don't drink from the river.
Exam
وَمَن لَّمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مِنِّىٓ
Whoever drinks from the river, then not from my group.
No need to join jihad.
And whoever doesn't drink, he will join the jihad with me.
إِلَّا مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةًۢ بِيَدِهِۦۚ
except people who are very thirsty
may he take just one sip.
to eliminate thirst. It is allowed.
They were reminded by Talut.
Then when they walk towards war, Allah says
فَشَرِبُوا۟ مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِّنْهُمْۚ
It turns out they are on a drink.
Head of stone, Children of Israel.
I told you not to. They have a lot of propositions.
I want to be thirsty for war.
This king is not right, he said he has knowledge.
People who are thirsty can't drink
Even though Allah's command has come.
This is the Allah who told me to, but they are still yapping.
Subhan Allah.
How are they like that?
depraved. So rotten of their hearts.
Dare to oppose Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
فَشَرِبُوا۟ مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِّنْهُمْۚ
So drink them from the river, except for only a small part of them.
It is mentioned in the authentic hadith,
that the number of people who came out thousands of people,
when you cross the river, everyone falls, everyone drinks
who survive, don't drink, except for only 3xx
Later we will mention, InsyaAllah, the hadith
Same as the number of participants in the Badr War.
Badar War participants 317/319, there is a mistake.
Of the thousands, all fell.
Only hundreds, three hundreds or more people.
So Allah says,
فَشَرِبُوا۟ مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِّنْهُمْۚ
All drink except a little.
فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَهُۥ هُوَ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ مَعَهُۥ
When they were passing the river,
Talut and his men live a little
قَالُوا۟ لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِۦۚ
They saw so many Jalut Jalut.
Thousand.
While they are only 3xx
They immediately admitted, "We have no ability to fight them."
There is no ability.
قَالَ الَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُم مُّلَٰقُوا۟ اللَّهِ
Then said some people from the Talut army who they were sure would meet with Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
They say with confidence.
كَم مِّن فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةًۢ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِۗ
How many small groups can defeat large groups with the permission of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
وَاللَّهُ مَعَ الصَّٰبِرِينَ
Allah will be with those who are patient.
Allah will help those who are patient.
Finally they continued to advance with Talut, against Jalut.
وَلَمَّا بَرَزُوا۟ لِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِۦ
When they fought, advancing into battle against Jalut and his army,
This Goliath is a whiz. Big body.
Nobody dared to go against him. He is good at fighting.
They also pray, this is they are not confident about themselves, but confident of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
That's what makes them win.
If you forget yourself "We will win, we will win." Lose later.
That's why Allah mentioned in Surah At-Tawbah,
when in the Hunain War, Allah said
لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ فِى مَوَاطِنَ كَثِيرَةٍۙ وَيَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍۙ
إِذْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ كَثْرَتُكُمْ فَلَمْ تُغْنِ عَنكُمْ شَيْـًٔا
وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ ثُمَّ وَلَّيْتُم مُّدْبِرِينَ
Allah said, "Surely Allah has helped you in many wars,
Allah wins you guys.
During the Hunain war, you ended up with your numbers.
The friends at that time numbered around 12 thousand people.
So there was someone who said,
We won't lose today because we have a lot of them.
When hearing these words,
The Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam felt heavy hearing these words.
Means they are confident in their abilities. Not surrender to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
Surely they lost.
Allah said,
ثُمَّ وَلَّيْتُم مُّدْبِرِينَ
Then you retreat, run.
Now, the Talut forces, when the Talut know that their enemies are many,
they leave it to Allah. They said
كَم مِّن فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةًۢ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِۗ
How many small numbers outnumber those with the permission of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Then they pray
رَبَّنَآ أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا وَثَبِّتْ أَقْدَامَنَا وَانصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَٰفِرِينَا
They pray "O our Rabb, pour patience on us
and strengthen our legs in battle.
Win us above the infidels.
فَهَزَمُوهُم بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ
Finally they won against the Jalut troops.
How can you win?
There is David there.
Among these 3xx people, there is a young man. What is the name?
David Peace be upon you
He was the one who managed to kill Jalut.
Various versions in the commentary book. How he killed Jalut.
In essence, when Jalut said, "O Children of Israel, who wants to fight me ?!"
Nobody dared to come out against Jalut.
Big body.
Nobody dared to come out.
Finally David came out.
I am against you. He said, "Little Ente. Change the others."
I want your opponent.
Come on, are there opponents? David is advancing.
It is not mentioned in the authentic hadith how the process of David killed Goliath.
In some parts of Islam it is mentioned that David 'alaihissalam is a goat herder.
And he likes to use slingshots, so for example if a wolf wants to eat his goat,
so he took a stone, he put it in a kind of rope, then he twisted, then he threw
hit by the wolf.
So he is good at throwing stones.
Some say when he fought Goliath, then he didn't contact directly,
but he takes a stone, 5 if I'm not mistaken, then he turns
Jalut is arrogant, he keeps playing
Once thrown hit the head of Goliath, Goliath directly K.O. die
Immediately David came to slaughter his head.
It came from Israel history.
But the authentic hadith is not mentioned.
I would prefer David to fight. Shows David better.
Then it's not good, right?
If you are good at advancing war. head to head against Goliath.
However in Israel it is mentioned how he killed Jalut, because he was small,
so he uses slingshots
And he did not miss when throwing towards Jalut.
So it hit the head of Jalut. Finally he died.
And so Jalut was killed, and in the past war was usually a duel between leader and leader.
When Jalut was killed, his men immediately fell in spirit.
because their leader is dead. Finally defeated by the Children of Israel.
Allah said
That was the first time David appeared, becoming famous among the Children of Israel.
وَقَتَلَ دَاوُۥدُ جَالُوتَ وَءَاتَىٰهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ
So Allah gave David the kingdom and Allah gave David the prophethood.
Some say, after that Talut surrendered his kingdom to David.
Talut gave his kingdom to David. David is a strong person.
With his humble, so he gave his kingdom to the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
From then on, began a person who was both a king and a prophet. He is David.
Previously, the prophet of his own group, the king of his own group.
David was the first to collect prophethood with the kingdom.
So Allah says
وَقَتَلَ دَاوُۥدُ جَالُوتَ وَءَاتَىٰهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ
Allah gave him kingdom
وَالْحِكْمَةَ
Allah gave him prophethood.
وَعَلَّمَهُۥ مِمَّا يَشَآءُۗ
And Allah taught the Prophet David,
what Allah wants.
Allah said
تِلْكَ ءَايَٰتُ اللَّهِ نَتْلُوهَا عَلَيْكَ بِالْحَقِّۚ وَإِنَّكَ لَمِنَ للْمُرْسَلِينَ
This is the story that Allah read to you, O Muhammad.
True story.
And verily you are among the apostles.
Allah told this story to the Prophet Muhammad sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,
We read this story in the Qur'an.
Well.
That was the beginning of the emergence of the Prophet David Peace be upon him
The Prophet David 'alaihissalam, was given many favor by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Allah says
وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا دَاوُۥدَ مِنَّا فَضْلًاۖ
Indeed we have given the gift of the Prophet David Peace be upon him
Allah also teaches knowledge.
وَعَلَّمَهُۥ مِمَّا يَشَآءُۗ
Allah taught the Prophet David, the knowledge that Allah wanted.
What are the qualities the Prophet David posseses 'alaihissalam?
Please open the Surah Sad, verse 17
Surah Sad, Surah 38
verse 17
So, Allah says in verse 17,
اصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ
O Muhammad, be patient with what they say, (the taunts of the Quraysh.)
For the insults of the Quraysh.
For the intrusions of the Quraysh.
The Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam was physically disturbed, and also mentally disturbed.
Mentally impaired, including being insulted, said to be a liar, said to be a shaman, said to be a madman
said to be a witch, said to be bewitched, said to be a person who came out of the traditions of his ancestors
and many accusations against the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
And the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam was sad when accused of the absurd accusations
human
A noble person like the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, an honest person, who at first everyone recognized the message of the Prophet
acknowledging the honesty of the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, now turning around,
accused of being unsafe, a liar.
This made the Prophet sad.
So in another verse the word of Allah
وَلَقَدْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ يَضِيقُ صَدْرُكَ بِمَا يَقُولُونَ
We really know that their words make your chest narrow, O Messenger of Allah sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَكُن مِّنَ السَّٰجِدِينَ
the way out, when you experience interference like that
the amount of glorification, and the abundance of prostrations
said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
So if someone is bullied, accused of doing what he doesn't do,
if he cannot defend himself, there is no other way but to pray to Allah
except get close to Allah
busied himself to pray, then it will comfort his heart.
So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala when told the Prophet Muhammad sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam to be patient
Allah reminds the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam about the Prophet David 'peace be upon him who diligently worship
so Allah said
اصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ
Be patient, O Muhammad, for what they said,
وَاذْكُرْ عَبْدَنَا
and remember our servant, David.
دَاوُۥدَ ذَا الْأَيْدِۖ
Prophet David who has power
The word الْأَيْدِۖ means strength.
إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ
He is a man who always returns to Allah.
In all its activities, always remember Allah
in his pleasure remembering Allah, in his sadness,
back to Allah, always back
When once disobeying Allah, immediately return to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
That is the main characteristic of the Prophet David Peace be upon him
Among other things, he has strength
and always return to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Allah says,
إِنَّا سَخَّرْنَا الْجِبَالَ مَعَهُۥ يُسَبِّحْنَ بِالْعَشِىِّ وَالْإِشْرَاقِ
We subdue mountains to glorify with the Prophet David 'alaihissalam,
in the evening and in the morning
So the Prophet David if morning remembrance,
the mountains join the morning remembrance and evening with the Prophet David.
We don't know how mountains glorified, but the Prophet David knew.
Said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
وَإِن مِّن شَىْءٍ إِلَّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِۦ وَلَٰكِن لَّا تَفْقَهُونَ تَسْبِيحَهُمْۗ
Everything glorifies Allah, but you don't know how they glorify.
For the Prophet David, Allah tells.
The mountains are glorifying with you.
As soon as the Prophet David remembers morning and evening, read the Psalms in the morning and in the evening,
it turns out the mountains joined in glorifying, masyaAllah imagine
Glorifying again, the sound of mountains,
this is amazing huh
even the word of Allah,
وَالطَّيْرَ مَحْشُورَةًۖ
Likewise birds come.
Prophet David, when the morning and evening remembrance, the birds came to him, gathered
join in the morning and evening remembrance
if the Prophet David read Zabur, the birds would come
listen to the readings of the Prophet David 'alaihissalam
Some say, so beautiful the voice of the Prophet David 'alaihissalam
But the point is, he hears mountains glorifying,
he hears birds glorify.
كُلٌّ لَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ
Everything returns to Allah.
There are two interpretations that say, these mountains
and the birds, all return to Allah, obey Allah
some say, namely mountains and birds
they follow the prayer of the Prophet David Peace be upon him
Prophet David glorified, they also glorified
Said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
وَشَدَدْنَا مُلْكَهُۥ وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُ الْحِكْمَةَ وَفَصْلَ الْخِطَابِ
And we strengthen the kingdom
given a lot of troops, given the power of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُ الْحِكْمَةَ
We give him knowledge
وَفَصْلَ الْخِطَابِ
and ability to resolve disputes.
There are people in dispute, the Prophet David resolved.
So a very great judge, Prophet David Peace be upon him.
Well.
Among the quality of the Prophet David Peace be upon him
Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala said
وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا دَاوُۥدَ مِنَّا فَضْلًاۖ
Truly, We have given a gift to the Prophet David.
يَٰجِبَالُ أَوِّبِى مَعَهُۥ وَالطَّيْرَۖ
"O mountains ..." said Allah, "O birds, make tasbih with the Prophet David."
وَأَلَنَّا لَهُ الْحَدِيدَ
And we made the iron soft, for the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
Some mufasirun say, the Prophet David, among the miracles he had,
He if you hold the iron, the iron becomes soft.
No need to burn, no need to be heated.
He held it, like holding it tightly.
Like holding a wood.
Hold the iron directly to the iron subject to him so that he is easy to form the kinds of things he wants.
That is among the features of the Prophet David.
So Allah says
وَأَلَنَّا لَهُ الْحَدِيدَ
We made soft the iron for the Prophet David 'peace be upon him.
أَنِ اعْمَلْ سَٰبِغَٰتٍ وَقَدِّرْ فِى السَّرْدِۖ وَاعْمَلُوا۟ صَٰلِحًاۖ إِنِّى بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
Make big armor.
And measure the weaving. He made it very easy. Iron as if woven, made a mat. Easy.
Why? Because the iron becomes soft when held by the Prophet David 'alaihissalam.
This opinion, another opinion says, "No, that is, the Prophet David was given knowledge by Allah
how to process iron, by heating as is natural,
and others. Knowledge which is then passed on to humanity.
This is opinion. But Allah knows best
many salaf interpreted that, the iron becomes soft when held by the Prophet David
And this is the miracle of the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
Among them, said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
وَعَلَّمْنَٰهُ صَنْعَةَ لَبُوسٍ لَّكُمْ لِتُحْصِنَكُم مِّنۢ بَأْسِكُمْۖ فَهَلْ أَنتُمْ شَٰكِرُنُ
And We taught the Prophet David how to make armor.
How to make armor.
Previously, they fought, before. Previously, people had made armor.
But they make armor with plates, flat plates
they make armor
However, the slab is vulnerable.
Easily pierced by swords.
Then the Prophet David Peace be upon him. He was the first to make armor in the form of iron circles.
So if there is a sword hit by the circle, like an eye hit by an eye.
So the sword can be blunt, it can be broken.
That made the first time, the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
Said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
وَعَلَّمْنَٰهُ صَنْعَةَ لَبُوسٍ لَّكُمْ
We taught the Prophet David how to make armor.
لِتُحْصِنَكُم مِّنۢ بَأْسِكُمْۖ
in order to keep you in your war.
فَهَلْ أَنتُمْ شَٰكِرُونَ
Then you should thank Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
Then, the Prophet David 'alaihissalam was also blessed in time.
In Sahih Al-Bukhari,
Rasulullah sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said.
The Prophet David was made easy, easy to read Zabur
or read the Torah. If you read very light, it's easy.
He ordered his men to put a saddle on the horse / camel.
Put the saddle on.
So he read Zabur or the Torah.
Before it is installed.
Do people put the saddle fast or not?
Quick! But said the Prophet .. The scholars explained the purpose of this hadith
Allah gave blessings to the Prophet David, the short time was long for the Prophet David 'peace be upon him
Allah is in charge of time, Allah is in charge of the Earth.
In the hadith it says, when someone kills 100 lives wants to repent,
then he walked to another land, wanting to repent
then he died in the middle of the road
two angels came. One angel of death, one angel of grace.
They disputed, finally said, measure the distance between the body of the person towards the old village
with the distance to the village he was going to.
Which one is closer then hand it over to the village.
If it turns out to be closer to his old village, then he enters Hell Hell.
If it turns out that the body is closer to the village where the people are righteous,
then he goes to heaven.
So Allah commands the Earth. This one gets long, that one gets short.
Allah is able.
So, some scholars say,
some salaf, one rakaat reads 30 juz.
Or some Salafus Salih, one night he read all of the Qur'an
there are whom read three times a day
How?
It not impossible. Like the Prophet David 'alaihissalam.
He read Zabur, it took a long time, but people only saw a little.
Only just put a saddle for these animals.
Hence said by the Prophet, was lightened for David.
So he read, Allah blessed his time.
The time is short, but he has read a lot.
This is the power of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala.
And earlier also, the Prophet David 'peace be upon him was given advantages, including his beautiful voice.
We mentioned earlier at the beginning.
How did the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam say to Abu Musa al-Ash'ari
لَقَدْ أُوتِيتَ مِزْمَارًا مِنْ مَزَامِيرِ آلِ دَاوُدَ
When the Prophet heard the reading of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari,
in a very beautiful voice
So the Prophet said,
Indeed you have been given the beauty of sound among the beauty of the sound of David Peace be upon him
Prophet David Peace be upon him, became king,
then among his gifts, it was mentioned that he was given an advantage
overcome various kinds of dispute problems.
Allah mentioned, among the disputes that have occurred
Said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala in Surah Sad
verse 21 and so on, this is a rebuke from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Allah said subhanahu wa ta'ala,
وَهَلْ أَتَىٰكَ نَبَؤُا۟ الْخَصْمِ إِذْ تَسَوَّرُوا۟ الْمِحْرَابَ
And is there news to you about people who have problems, disputes,
when they climb the fence.
So the Prophet David 'alaihissalam entered his place, there is a fence, and he wants to worship Allah
He is not serving people in dispute.
Next thing I knew there were two people who climbed the fence, then entered to meet the Prophet David
without asking permission.
Some say, these two people are incarnations of angels.
Allah knows best, please.
This is all from the history of the Jew.
Not explained.
But he jumped off the fence, then met the Prophet David
Allah said
إِذْ دَخَلُوا۟ عَلَىٰ دَاوُۥدَ
When they met with the Prophet David
فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُمْۖ
So the Prophet David was shocked.
Afraid of them.
Prophet David, he is good, strong, but there are people who can penetrate his kingdom,
then until the fence jumps, goes into ...
He was shocked. Who is this...
How come. Maybe the guards all passed by.
قَالُوا۟ لَا تَخَفْۖ
They said, "Don't be afraid, O David."
خَصْمَانِ بَغَىٰ بَعْضُنَا عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ
فَاحْكُم بَيْنَنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا تُشْطِطْ وَاهْدِنَآ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ الصِّرَٰطِ
They say, don't be afraid, O David.
We are just two people who dispute with each other.
One of us has wronged the other.
Then make the decision between us,
with fair. And do not deviate from the truth. And show us the straight path.
Apparently they knew, the Prophet David was a judge who always resolved problems.
They have a problem, want to complain to the Prophet David 'alaihissalam.
Then one story.
إِنَّ هَٰذَآ أَخِى لَهُۥ تِسْعٌ وَتِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً وَلِىَ نَعْجَةٌ وَٰحِدَةٌ
فَقَالَ أَكْفِلْنِيهَا وَعَزَّنِى فِى الْخِطَابِ
One said, "Yes, David, my brother, he has 99 female goats
and I have just one,
So he said, surrender your goat to me, finally he defeated me in debate
my goat was taken by him.
The Prophet David 'alaihissalam immediately gave a decision.
After hearing this one person complain, tell stories,
said the Prophet David,
قَالَ لَقَدْ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلَىٰ نِعَاجِهِۦۖ
وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنَ الْخُلَطَآءِ لَيَبْغِى بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ
إِلَّا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ الصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَقَلِيلٌ مَّا هُمْۗ
So the Prophet David said, "Verily, this man has wronged you
when he asks your goat to be added to the goats
if we take a look from outside, this is a greedy person
He already have 99 goats. you only have one goat, and it's taken also.
Isn't 99 enough?
Prophet David immediately made a decision.
apparently the Prophet David made the wrong decision.
Allah said
وَظَنَّ دَاوُۥدُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّٰهُ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ رَبَّهُۥ وَخَرَّ رَاكِعًا وَأَنَابَ
So the Prophet David knew that We were testing it. This is a test from Allah.
For what are these two people?
Angel
So the Prophet David make istighfar, then he bowed down and repented to Allah
among the attributes of the Prophet David, once he knew wrong, immediately repent to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
What is the fault of the Prophet David in this story?
There is no authentic hadith that explains it.
What is his mistake?
From surface, David's decision was correct.
This 99 already has a goat, why ask for another one.
What is clear is that we do not know what his mistakes are.
but some scholars say
some commentators say
fault of the Prophet David, only one
He immediately made a decision, before hearing the second party speak.
Understand?
These are two people. One has 99 goats, one has one goat.
The one who complains has one goat.
As if he was wronged.
He said, "Yes David, this is my brother has 99 goats."
I have only one. Then he asked for my relapse.
Prophet David immediately argued, meaning that had 99 goats wrong.
He should have been quiet first. Listen to those who have 99 goats.
Let him convey his argument.
This, but I say this is all opinion.
About explaining the error of the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
But there is no clear, valid proposition on this matter.
But this is what is about the truth.
The Prophet David just forgot to hear from the second party.
He only heard from party one.
Take the words of the person who had the first goat.
So he defended the person who had one goat earlier.
Turns out he was wrong
in deciding the law. So he bowed down
fell down before Allah, asking forgiveness from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
and return to Allah immediately
Said the scholars, David 'alaihissalam sin.
Then he returned to Allah. And after he sinned,
he repented.
After repenting, he is better than before.
Therefore, a mistake among the scholars.
Do people who have never sinned, always do good deeds
do good deeds,
with people who have sinned then repented
which one is better in Allah's side subhanahu wa ta'ala
This is a various opinion among the scholars.
For example, Person A and Person B
A, always righteous, good.
B, he's fine. Suddenly, he disobeys Allah in the middle of the road.
Then he disobeys, he defied, then he repented to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
After that he returned to be righteous again.
After he repents of his sin,
which one is better, A or B?
A or B?
C, no?
There are various opinion. Some say, the A is better
When A and B are walking. Say, they're walking to heaven.
Person A walks, Person B turns out to be choked up,
Disobey Allah, for a month, two months
A still goes on
When he repented, he was already far behind. Yes No?
Why not?
Some scholars say, "No. What is better is B."
Why? When the A continues to go to heaven, the B walks and then stagnates halfway
he disobeys,
then he returned to Allah and he worshiped with worship that was never felt by A
which is really humbling before Allah, crying, prostrating to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
despised, unbelievably afraid,
all these acts of heart made him jump straight forward.
Understand?
It doen not mean you can just disobey. No! Do not take it wrong.
We are talking about people who unintentionally disobey.
Like the anbiya. Sometimes do small mistake.
Righteous people, sometimes do mistakes.
Allah predestined them to act so that they have their own worship.
Worship that is special,
Syaikul Islam ibn Taimiyah rahimahullahu ta'ala detailed
This was quoted by Ibn Qoyyim in his book Madarijus Salikin
Ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullahu ta'ala said
If the person who was a sinner, then he repents, is seen
if after repenting, he is better than before he sinned?
Or is it the same? Or lack of quality of faith?
There are people who after worship, the quality of their faith decreases.
He had the spirit of worship, then he acted. He repented, but the quality is already lacking.
Because it has been contaminated, his heart, with various kinds of disobedience
he already left
but traces are still there,
he still contemplated the immoral
the quality of his faith decreases.
Means this, after he repented, the quality remains down.
But there are people, after he repents, the higher his faith, the more fearful of Allah
the more god-fearing, the more praying, then he rises.
Such a person, said ibn Taimiyah rahumahullahu ta'ala
after he prayed, what did he become more so?
High degree.
And the most important example in this regard is the Prophet David 'alaihissalam.
Prophet David Peace be upon him. He was guilty and he repented to Allah.
More afdhol than before he sinned.
Understand?
Allah said
فَغَفَرْنَا لَهُۥ ذَٰلِكَۖ
We also forgive him,
His mistake is just being wrong in making a decision
then Allah said "We forgive him."
وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلْفَىٰ وَحُسْنَ مَـَٔابٍ
And indeed he has a close position on Our side
closeness to Allah
And he has a good return.
Allah said
يَٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَٰكَ خَلِيفَةً فِى الْأَرْضِ
O David, We make you leaders on the face of the Earth
فَاحْكُم بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِّ
Then make law with the truth among humans.
وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِۚ
Do not follow your desires.
Then you will be misled from Allah's guidance subhanahu wa ta'ala
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌۢ بِمَا نَسُوا۟ يَوْمَ الْحِسَابِ
Verily those who stray from the way of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala,
for those with painful punishment, harsh punishment
because they forget the day of reckoning
Well. This is among the proofs that the Prophet David was awab.
Once he is guilty, immediately repent to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Allah mentioned too
Prophet David Peace be upon him, Allah also mentioned the story of him in law
Prophet David and Solomon
Prophet David had a child, what was his name?
Solomon. Both people are knowledgeable.
Allah gave knowledge, Allah made them both a prophet
After the Prophet David died, the Prophet Solomon became a prophet.
But they had time together
both knowledgeable, and prophet
The father of the prophet, the child also what? Prophet
Allah says
وَدَاوُۥدَ وَسُلَيْمَٰنَ
َ يَحْكُمَانِ فِى الْحَرْثِ
إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ وَكُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شَٰهِدِينَ
And remember the story of the Prophet David and the Prophet Sulaiman Peace be upon him
Peace be upon you
at the time both of them gave decisions about plants
because the plant was destroyed by the goats belonging to his people
and is We witnessed the decision given by them
So there was a problem,
In essence there was a goat, he was pasturing in someone else's garden area
It turns out that the goats entered other people's gardens
destroyed the garden
Destroyed the garden.
Finally the two of them, came to the Prophet David Peace be upon him
"We have this problem."
The Prophet David was a wise man.
Allah gave him
decision maker in disputes.
So the Prophet David listened to their problems.
Then the Prophet David decided.
If so, the goats that damaged the garden, give it to the owner of the garden
because of the damage suffered by the garden owner,
its value is similar to the value of destructive goats.
Yes already compensation.
So the Prophet David punished with the law of compensation.
And not wrong.
Then the goats, which destroyed the garden, were handed over to the owner of the garden.
Yes, the problem is over.
Apparently the Prophet Solomon had another decision.
His son.
Said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
فَفَهَّمْنَٰهَا سُلَيْمَٰنَۚ
We give understanding to the Prophet Solomon
knowledge, all from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
Allah said
وَكُلًّا ءَاتَيْنَا حُكْمًا وَعِلْمًاۚ
And we have given to each of them, David and Solomon
law and science. Both are true.
But what is more true is the Prophet Solomon.
The decision made by the Prophet David was correct.
But there is a better decision.
Which is loved by both parties.
What was the decision of the Prophet Solomon?
The Prophet Sulaiman said
This is the goat, handed over to the owner of the garden
garden owners can use, take their milk
and cared for by them
the garden, told to take care of by the owner of the goat
so exchange.
The goats are taken by the owner of the garden,
the garden is held by the owner of the goat.
Repaired until finished, then return it again.
This is also a fair law. But the word Allah is more true to the decision of the Prophet Solomon.
Because the first decision, the goat is gone, finished.
That is not wrong.
Not wrong, but this is more appropriate, pleasing both parties.
Understand?
Finally, Allah says
فَفَهَّمْنَٰهَا سُلَيْمَٰنَۚ
This is the argument that
could be a smarter child than a father.
Especially nowadays, it could be the father is stupid
their childre is smart
These are both great, but the child's decision is greater than the decision of his father.
This means that not necessarily senior is always right.
It could be that sometimes juniors are right.
As said
"Indeed, the sea is greater than the river,
but there are things that are in the river not in the sea. "
Understand?
In general, the sea is greater than what? River.
But there are things in the river that are not owned by what? The sea.
Among them, river shrimp.
It's better than sea shrimp.
Well.
Among other things, there have been problems. This is mentioned in Saheeh Al-Bukhari.
Same. David and Solomon both solved a problem.
And the Prophet Solomon is truer.
I read the hadith.
Said Abu Hurairah RodhiyAllahu
كَانَت امْرَأَتَانِ مَعَهُمَا ابْنَاهُمَ ، جَاءَ الذِّئْبُ فَذَهَبَ بِابْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَ
فَقَالَتْ لِصَاحِبَتِهَا إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ
وَقَالَت الْأُخْرَى إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ
فَتَحَاكَمَتَا إِلَى دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام
فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلْكُبْرَى ،
So there is
two women, one young, one older, both carrying children.
Both bring the child.
Then whatever happened, maybe they put their child
suddenly a wolf ate one of these two children
Finally, the surviving child is taken by the older one.
The young one snatched, that's my child.
The old says, your son is eaten by a wolf.
The young one says, your son is eaten by a wolf.
They finally complained to the Prophet David Peace be upon him.
Prophet David did not know. He did not know the science of ghoib.
If not told by Allah.
The Prophet David did not know what knowledge? Ghoib
The anbiya do not know the science of ghoib. This argument a lot.
For example, Prophet Sulaiman whose army of jinns did not know the science of ghoib.
Apparently there is a kingdom of Queen Balqis, he does not know.
Who told you who? Hud-hud bird.
In essence, they complained to the Prophet David.
The prophet David was sentenced to zahir.
He doesn't know about the ghoib case.
He saw the older woman carrying the child.
The young one demanded, that is my child.
And based on the rules, originally, the child is in the hands of his mother.
Originally so.
So finally the Prophet David decided, that child chose the old mother earlier.
Who is holding his child.
فَخَرَجَتَا عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ
Finally they both reported to the Prophet Solomon.
Peace be upon him.
Sulaiman bin David.
Extraordinary.
The father is righteous, what is his son too? Righteius Extraordinary.
Then both of them tell the incident. Both equally demanding.
That is my child. That is my child.
His child is eaten by a wolf. His child is eaten by a wolf.
Chaos, Old and young.
So the Prophet Solomon said,
ائْتُونِي بِالسِّكِّينِ
Please get a knife.
أَشُقُّهُ بَيْنَهُمَ
I will split this child in two. After that half for you, half for you.
Finally the young one said,
لَا تَفْعَلْ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ هُوَ ابْنُهَ ،
Said the young one, "Don't Solomon, that's his child, just take it."
The big one doesn't say anything.
So the Prophet Solomon knew this was a young child.
Because who pity the child? It must be his mother.
Finally the Prophet Solomon with his hunch,
then punish that, this child does not belong to the old man.
But belongs to the young.
Sulaiman is right. The Prophet David was wrong.
The Prophet David was wrong this time.
But actually, the law that was made by the Prophet David was based on an argument, strong.
Because the law of origin. If someone comes, scramble you, you have no other argument
"This is my item." but those who hold you
"This is my car." "That's my car taken."
Where is the proof he stole? There is no.
There is no other evidence, so the original law of the owner who holds the item belongs to him.
That's the legal origin.
Because there was no other indication, the Prophet David punished that
the child belongs to a big woman.
But the Prophet Solomon with his intelligence,
Allah gives understanding, so he uses another trick
finally, it was discovered that it belonged to the young.
Mentioned
there is a man. This is the story of the times of the Muslims.
There is a man who left the goods with his friend.
Then finally after that, he left the item to his friend
His friend said "You don't leave me with the item."
Hassle
Finally he too complained to an ulama, his name was Iyas bin Muawiyah.
I left the goods with him, he now denies.
The prosecution said,
I gave him my goods earlier.
Then Iyas bin Muawiyah said "Who is your witness?"
He said, "I gave it, deposit money with this person, leave it to this person
in that place
but no one else, just the two of us.
There are no witnesses.
And if there is no withness, it means he can't take from that person.
Original law, money that is in a person, means that person's property.
Now this money is in his friend.
I just claim.
That is my money. I leave. Where is the proof? There is no prove.
If all claimants are justified, "Oh, that's my house."
"Where is the proof?" "That's my home anyway." "Yes, take it already." You can't do that.
There must be proof. Where is the proof that it's your house.
Where's the proof that you left money with him. There is no.
There are other witnesses? There is no. I am alone.
Finally, said Iyas bin Muawiyah
Asking
"What things are there around that place?"
The prosecutor said "There is a tree."
Finally the judge said, Iyas bin Muawiyah
said Iyas bin Muawiyah, "Just go, you go to that place."
You try to dig it under the tree, maybe there is your stuff there.
Maybe you forgot that you put it there. You don't leave it to him.
You put it down there, then you forget.
Maybe if you look at a tree, you will remember.
This. Yes he clearly remembers the man. But this was the judge's decision.
Then this he do it.
He went to the tree. And he knew, there would be no items under the tree.
But what else? So he walked to the tree.
Then the person entrusted to leave,
said Iyas bin Muawiyah, "You sit down. Wait until he returns"
Wait until what? Until he is back.
So this person said, "I have never met this person."
We have never met in a certain place.
Anyway, I have never been entrusted with him.
He claimed to have never met this person (who sent goods), in a place where he did not know.
Finally, when he wants to leave, those who are entrusted want to leave,
said the Judge, "You sit down first."
Until your friend returns.
Then, he sat, waiting.
Iyas bin Muawiyah began to see other problems.
Then, after a while, he asked
"O Fulan, has your friend arrived yet?"
He said "Not yet."
Ha! caught.
You said, you never met him.
Now you say, he hasn't arrived yet. That means you know that place.
Understand?
So be a judge, don't be stupid.
It also said, people came to him,
There are people, he went to Iyas bin Muawiyah
then he wanted to return the slave girl he had bought.
Then the seller will not accept.
I already sold, why would he give it back.
Iyas bin Muawiyah asked, "Why did you return this slave girl?"
Said, "She is stupi slave."
Not as expected.
He did not say that this slave was very bad ..
If this slave is so stupid, what should I buy?
He did not explain his disgrace. Severe disgrace.
Finally Iyas bin Muawiyah asked the slave girl
"Your two legs, which one is longer?"
He said, "This one is longer."
That's really stupid.
Then, ask again, you remember when you were born?
Yes, I remember when I was born.
Come on give it back
This is a stupid slave.
Ladies and gentlemen, blessed by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala,
In essence, the Prophet David Peace be upon him, that's the story that reaches us.
Finally he died
at the age of 100 years.
How is the story?
Narrated by Tirmidhi, with a sanad, hasan. Clarified by Shaykh Albani rahimahullah
So, said the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam from the hadith of Abu Hurairah
When Allah created the Prophet Adam, Allah also rubbed the shoulders of the Prophet Adam Peace be upon him
then all the lives that Allah will create come out
Allah revealed these lives, which Allah would create
from all the descendants of the Prophet Adam Peace be upon him
Then the lives are shown entirely before the Prophet Adam Peace be upon him
And among the descendants of the Prophet Adam Peace be upon him,
there is a man whose face glows.
Then the Prophet Adam when he saw his descendants, the Prophet Adam asked.
Who are they all?
Allah said
This is all your bloodline.
Then also among them was a pleasant man.
The Prophet Adam was amazed to see his descendants among his grandchildren.
Namely someone. Looks of white light between his eyes.
The Prophet Adam asked, "O my Lord, who is this?
Said Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
This is one of your descendants, from the people at the end, his name is David.
His name is David.
The Prophet Adam loved these grandchildren.
Said the Prophet Adam,
"O Allah, what is the life time you give to David?"
Allah said
60 years old
Said the Prophet Adam, "O Allah, take my age, give him 40 years."
Prophet Adam is 1,000 years old, taken 40, for whom? Prophet David, because he loved the Prophet David.
When the time of the Prophet Adam was taken away by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, came the angel of death.
Then the Prophet Adam asked, isn't it still 40 years before I die?
He forget
if ever gifted his age to the Prophet David.
Said the grim reaper
Haven't you given 40 years to the Prophet David?
Prophet Adam forgot. Not.
What did the Prophet Adam say? "Not"
Said the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam commenting on this story
Adam forgot and Adam opposed.
Then the offspring too.
Adam forgot and his grandchildren were forgetful.
Finally, the Prophet David 'alaihissalam died at what age? 100 years.
60 years old, given a bonus of 40 years.
He did not know his age to 100 years.
He does not know how much Prophet Adam has given bonuses? 40 years old
Said the Prophet sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
In Musnad Imam Ahmad from Abu Hurairah, Rasulullah sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said
Prophet David was a very jealous man.
Very jealous.
When he leaves the house, all the doors are locked.
He does not want a man to meet his wife.
He loves his wife very much.
He doesn't want his wife to be seen by anyone.
No one can meet his wife.
He locks the door, all of it.
Until he gets home.
One day, the Prophet David came out and the door to the house was closed.
Then his wife entered the house.
Suddenly in the middle of the house there was a man standing.
Who is in this house?
How can he enter the house? While the house is locked.
He is afraid. Wow, this was discovered by the Prophet David in danger.
Be careful, oh fulan, you will be in danger if you meet David.
David is coming.
David is the champ, Peace be upon him.
He killed Jalut, this man would be an easy matter.
David met the man, "Who are you?"
I am the one who has never been afraid of kings.
And no one can escape me.
That means you are the angel of death.
Welcome with the command of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala
So the Prophet David's ruh was taken.
At his house.
Then the Prophet David 'alaihissalam died.
And this is the proposition that a good man is
jealous. Do not let his wife be watching other men.
Well.
This is the story of the Prophet David 'alaihissalam. We will tell the story of the Prophet David according to the Bible version.
Old Testament. You are patient.
Please open the Book of Samuel.
Surah Samuel ...
Samuel 2
With the title "David and Bathsheba"
Bathsheba is the woman mentioned in this story is the mother of Solomon.
But what is the origin of Bathsheba?
See ya The book of Samuel 2. There are Samuel 1 and Samuel 2.
Samuel 2, verse 1 and so on.
I read it.
One event, in verse 2
"One evening
"David got up from his bed." David woke up at three? :(
Then take a walk on the roof of the palace. Walk in the palace court.
From the rooftop he saw
There are women bathing. The Prophet David saw a woman bathing.
The woman is very beautiful apparently. Apparently the Prophet David glared.
Astagfirullah
This is like a "jomblo zaman now" (popular term in Indonesia)
This is David in their holy book
Then David asked people to ask about the woman.
You should, "Astaghfirullah .." close eyes
Instead. Here, he glared, "Oh, beautiful.
Then David told people to ask about her
and people say, it is Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam, his wife Uriah the Hittite.
So he (David) had men, his name was Uriah.
From the Hittites.
He (Uriah) had a wife named Bathsheba.
The beautiful one earlier.
After that, David told people to take him.
He was told to call the woman to David.
The woman came to him.
Then David slept with him. Subhanallah
Adultery
A prophet do adultery.
The woman had just finished cleaning herself from her uncleanness.
She just got rid of menstruation.
Was slept by who? David
Then the woman returned home. Imagine.
How come it is like this?! The Prophet David according to them.
Then the woman returned to her house.
Then the woman pregnant. Pregnant because of ...
David
And she told them to tell David so
"I'm pregnant." Report to David, "I am pregnant."
Then David told Joab to tell him to ask Uriah the Hittite to come to me.
So Joab sent Uriah, her husband Batsheba, to meet David.
When Uriah came in before him, David asked Joab about the situation.
and soldiers, and the state of war.
The point is,
In short.
Said in the Bible, so Uriah lived in Jerusalem, the husband of Bathsheba.
On that day, the next day David called him to eat and drink with him.
And David made him drunk.
David deliberately made him drunk.
In the morning, David wrote a letter to Joab.
And sent it by means of Uriah.
He said "Uriah, this is a letter to Joab."
The letterwas written by David
"Place Uriah, husband of Bathsheba, in the front row."
"So that he can die quickly."
So that his wife would he taken by who? David
"Place Uriah in the front row in the most intense battle,
then you fo away from him, so that he is killed. "
Imagine.
When Joab surrounded the city of Rabbah, he sent Uriah to leave
to a place he knows there is a mighty opponent.
Command Uriah to fight the best. "Eh, you fight there."
For what? So he may die quickly.
When the people of the city came out to attack and fight against Joab,
and some of the soldiers of David's men died, and Uriah the Hittite died.
Finally Batsheba's husband was killed.
When Uriah's wife, Bathsheba, heard that Uriah, her husband was dead,
so she wept because of the death of her husband.
After the time of mourning passed, David ordered the woman to be brought to his house.
The woman became his wife and gave birth to a son.
It was said that this boy was finally ill.
And in the next verse,
Allah sent Nathan to David, be reminded.
Eventually his child got sicker.
Prophet David fasted, worshiped. Finally his child died.
When his son died, the Prophet David no longer worshiped, no longer fasted.
So asked, I read it
He fasts and perseveres.
On the seventh day, the child dies. That child, the result of adultery.
Is not it?
Adultery child.
And David's officials were afraid to tell him that the child was dead.
Because they say when the child is alive, we have talked to him.
But he ignored our words.
How can we tell him that child is dead?
Lest he harm himself.
When David saw that his employees were whispering,
he understood that his child was dead.
Then David asked his employees
"Has the child died?"
They answered "Yes."
Then David got up from the floor
he bathed and jested and exchanged clothes
he entered the house of god and bowed down
After that he returned to his house, and at his request served him bread, then he ate.
His employees said to him:"What does this mean to you?
Because of the living child,
when the child is still alive, still sick, you fast and cry,
but after the child dies, you get up and not fast, instead eat!
Said David:"While the child was alive, I fasted and cried,
because I thought:who knows Allah pity me,
so that the child stays alive.
But now he is dead, why should I fast?
David is like this. Astaghfirullah.
Then David comforted Bathsheba, his wife
he approached the woman and slept with her,
and the woman gave birth to a son,
then David gave the name Solomon, Solomon
This is the story, the mother and father of the Prophet Sulaiman
it is impossible in Islam to be like this.
So you are grateful, above the religion of Islam.
This must be chaotic. Impossible. This is what fabricated inconsequential.
Drunk, keep writing the story of David. The result is like this.
In the Qur'an, the contents are all praise to the Prophet David.
How when he was wrong in the law, he immediately bowed down to Allah.
This see. Like that.
Already peeking at women, people's wives,
then her husband told to die,
previously commit adultery, imagine
Peeping over people's wives,
then adultery,
then her husband was told to die,
then fasting so that the child healed. After the child died, "Why need to fast?"
"It is already dead." Astaghfirullah
This is all chaotic.
Well.
Thus our study, here is a glimpse that we can convey about the story of the Prophet David.
Peace be upon him, a very pious servant,
the sharia of him still holds till now
about night prayers and fasting
Prophet David 'alaihissalam even said have the best prayer and the best fasting
Thus.
Subhaanakallaahumma wa bihamdika, asyhadu al-laa ilaaha illaa anta,
astaghfiruka, wa atuubu ilaik.
Assalaamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakaatuh